Magnetic Nanoparticles as Mediators for Magnetic Hyperthermia Therapy Applications: A Status Review

Abstract

This concise review delves into the realm of superparamagnetic nanoparticles, specifically focusing on Fe2O3, Mg1+xFe2−2xTixO4, Ni1−xCux, and CrxNi1−x, along with their synthesis methods and applications in magnetic hyperthermia. Remarkable advancements have been made in controlling the size and shape of these nanoparticles, achieved through various synthesis techniques such as coprecipitation, mechanical milling, microemulsion, and sol–gel synthesis. Through this review, our objective is to present the outcomes of diverse synthesis methods, the surface treatment of superparamagnetic nanoparticles, their magnetic properties, and Curie temperature, and elucidate their impact on heating efficiency when subjected to high-frequency magnetic fields.

In Vitro Study of Tumor-Homing Peptide-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia

“…Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can play a crucial role in enabling localized heating within a short period of time [ 8 ]. Due to their biocompatibility and superparamagnetic properties, MNPs are used to induce magnetic hyperthermia by applying an alternating magnetic field (AMF) [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. In recent years, diverse surface-modified MNPs [ 12 ] and bioconjugated MNPs with proteins and antibodies, including folate receptor, trastuzumab, and immunoglobulin G [ 13 ], have been reported to improve the therapeutic performance of MNPs during hyperthermia.…”

“…Large MNPs (>200 nm) are recognized by the immune system and delivered to the liver and spleen [ 20 , 21 ], and very small MNPs (<5.5 nm) are excreted through the kidneys [ 20 , 22 ]. To improve the therapeutic effect of magnetic hyperthermia, it is necessary to develop highly specific delivery techniques that ensure the accumulation and sufficient residence time of MNPs in tumor tissue and cause minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissues [ 9 , 10 , 23 ].…”

Control of Anisotropy and Magnetic Hyperthermia Effect by Addition of Cobalt on Magnetite Nanoparticles

“…In this process, the targeted medium, often biological tissues or fluids − or viscous fluids, − experiences controlled heating due to the energy dissipation from the magnetic materials. The choice of magnetic nanoparticles provides versatility, and the application of an ac magnetic field in the radiofrequency range allows precise control over the induced heat, ,, making MH a promising approach in various fields, particularly in targeted medical treatments where controlled and localized heating is advantageous − , and, too, to control the viscosity of the petroleum where changing the rheological properties of the petroleum can facilitate its transport. , Ferrite nanoparticles serve as compelling systems for MH due to the ability to manipulate their magnetic properties through composition and size control. , Beyond this tunability, they exhibit a plethora of potential applications, adding to their overall significance in various fields . It is important to note that while the hydrophobic nature of the nanoparticles used in this study may limit their direct suitability for biomedical applications, it is worth noting that surface modifications of nanoparticles can be implemented to render these nanoparticles suitable for biomedical uses.…”