Magnetic nanoparticle formulation for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic irinotecan to lungs

Abstract

Lung cancer is the single largest cause of cancer related deaths in the world. Current treatments include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy using cytotoxic drugs, and monoclonal antibodies. Such treatments have limited efficacy due to diverse nature of lung cells involved and lack of tissue penetration. Cytotoxic drugs, while potent, have the enormous drawback of limited entry into the lung selectively, thus causing collateral damage to other tissues. To overcome these shortcomings, we report here the development of new magnetic irinotecan containing nanoparticles (NPs), which target the lung over other tissues by over 5-fold. Selective targeting of lungs is achieved by deliberately incorporating a facilitated transport mechanism into the NPs. The iron containing NPs can be further exploited to retain the drug into the lung for maximum efficacy using an external magnet. This irinotecan nanoformulation can be used as mono therapy or combination therapy and offers a cost-effective and efficacious therapy for lung cancers.

In vivo Biodistribution and Clearance of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Medical Applications

“…For example, the heavily supplied with capillaries lung tissue was exploited to deliver positive charge-coated MNPs containing the anti-cancer drug irinotecan. 89 The endothelium is lined richly with negatively charged heparin sulfate proteoglycans 90 to bind the positively charged growth factors and proteins and positively charged nanoparticles, for example, coated with positively charged lysine. Magnetic nanoparticles were also studied as potential early diagnosis lung cancer agents.…”