Magnetic Nanoparticle Coating Decreases the Senescence and Increases the Targeting Potential of Fibroblasts and Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are intensely scrutinized for applications in emerging biomedical fields. Their potential use for drug delivery, tracking, and targeting agents or for cell handling is tested for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. The large majority of MNPs tested for biomedical use are coated with different lipids and natural or synthetic polymers in order to decrease their degradation process and to increase the ability to transport drugs or bioactive molecules. Our previous studies highlighted the fact that the as-prepared MNP-loaded cells can display increased resistance to culture-induced senescence as well as ability to target pathological tissues; however, this effect tends to be dependent on the cell type. Here, we assessed comparatively the effect of two types of commonly used lipid coatings, oleic acid (OA) and palmitic acid (PA), on normal human dermal fibroblasts and adipose-derived mesenchymal cells with culture-induced senescence and cell motility in vitro. OA and PA coatings improved MNPs stability and dispersibility. We found good viability for cells loaded with all types of MNPs; however, a significant increase was obtained with the as-prepared MNPs and OA-MNPs. The coating decreases iron uptake in both cell types. Fibroblasts (Fb) integrate MNPs at a slower rate compared to adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). The as-prepared MNPs induced a significant decrease in beta-galactosidase (B-Gal) activity with a nonsignificant one observed for OA-MNPs and PA-MNPs in ADSCs and Fb. The as-prepared MNPs significantly decrease senescence-associated B-Gal enzymatic activity in ADSCs but not in Fb. Remarkably, a significant increase in cell mobility could be detected in ADSCs loaded with OA-MNPscompared to controls. The OA-MNPs uptake significantly increases ADSCs mobility in a wound healing model in vitro compared to nonloaded counterparts, while these observations need to be validated in vivo. The present findings provide evidence that support applications of OA-MNPs in wound healing and cell therapy involving reparative processes as well as organ and tissue targeting.

Comparative Study of Amino-Functionalized Magnetic Mesoporous Arrangements for the Remediation of Persistent Organic Pollutants from Water Using Response Surface Methodology

“…These mesoporous materials have versatility and multifunctionality as main characteristics, so they are applied in the most varied applications in the literature. , Nowadays, a trend in the scientific community is the preparation of these mesoporous materials functionalized with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), especially those based on the mineral structure of spinel (MgAl 2 O 4 ), the so-called ferrites, mainly those with a structure similar to the CoFe 2 O 4 . These MNPs have several important properties, especially easy separation under magnetic field and high adsorption efficiency. − Thus, in the present approach, we developed magnetic mesoporous materials based on the MCM-48 cubic structure functionalized with CoFe 2 O 4 MNPs to be used in the remediation of the different organic pollutants.…”

Classification and applications of nanomaterials in vitro diagnosis

“…When the temperature approaches the material's Curie temperature, its ferromagnetism and superparamagnetism disappear, and it shows paramagnetic activity [ 45 ]. MNPs have been used in a range of applications, including biomarkers and biosensors, MRI, positron emission tomography (PET), fluorescence imaging, tissue healing, drug carriers, disease detection and treatment [ [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] ]. Yu et al discovered that oligomalic acid-modified MNPs can be used as bioprobes to specifically recognize and capture complementary nucleotide strands, as well as isolate and purify them in the presence of a magnetic field [ 51 ].…”

Application of magnetism in tissue regeneration: recent progress and future prospects

“…Currently, MNPs are the hot spot of research, and surface modifications are often required to improve the biocompatibility of MNPs. However, during the modification process, it is inevitable that some agglomerated particles will be coated, which will affect the uniformity of particle size, and some modification methods may reduce the magnetic responsiveness of MNPs [ 131 , 132 ]. Besides, the accuracy of magnetic targeting still needs to be improved, and its short-term and long-term effects on normal tissue cells still need further research and clinical verification.…”