Magnetic nanofluids (Ferrofluids): Recent advances, applications, challenges, and future directions

Adsorptive properties and on-demand magnetic response of lignin@Fe3O4 nanoparticles at castor oil–water interfaces

“…Nanoparticle adsorption at liquid-liquid interfaces plays a pivotal role in stabilizing Pickering emulsions and foams, with applications in targeted drug delivery, oil recovery, dye degradation, magnetic nanouids, Pickering emulsions, and liquid-liquid extraction processes. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Recent advancements in synthetic chemistry for the development of multi-responsive nanoparticles allow on-demand responses including interfacial adsorption-desorption capabilities, making magnetic nanoparticles very useful in separation technologies. [11][12][13] For example, functionalized magnetic carbonyl iron particles allow the preparation of Pickering emulsions with controllable stability and on-off demulsication properties.…”

“…5,7,14,18 Over the past few decades, magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles have become the most common magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) studied due to their unique properties and increasing demand for magnetic uids for biological, biomedical, environmental applications, and separation technologies. 6,7,15,[19][20][21][22] Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles are simple to synthesize at a reasonable cost and are signicantly less hazardous than other magnetic nanoparticles. 23 However, for many applications, these must satisfy critical physical criteria, including colloidal and chemical stability, i.e., resistance to agglomeration and oxidation, 6,24 as well as maintaining a high magnetization response.…”

“…6,7,15,[19][20][21][22] Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles are simple to synthesize at a reasonable cost and are signicantly less hazardous than other magnetic nanoparticles. 23 However, for many applications, these must satisfy critical physical criteria, including colloidal and chemical stability, i.e., resistance to agglomeration and oxidation, 6,24 as well as maintaining a high magnetization response. Therefore, in most applications, to increase colloidal and chemical stability and allow for further functionalization, Fe 3 O 4 act as core materials coated and passivated with stabilizers, producing core-shell structures.…”

Enhancing the Cytocompatibility of Cobalt‐Iron Ferrite Nanoparticles Through Chemical Substitution and Surface Modification

“…Ferrofluids have shown to be highly effective in fields such as heat transfer, detection of different parameters, cancer therapy, and removal of contaminants, among others. [ 18 ] Iron oxide nanoparticles have been extensively investigated for their potential biomedical applications due to their magnetic properties, low toxicity, and FDA approval. [ 19 ] However, some limitations such as the desire to control the saturation magnetization, coercivity as well as cytocompatibility, have motivated researchers to explore alternative materials.…”

Synthesis of barium hexaferrite nano-platelets for ethylene glycol ferrofluids

“…2 These fluids have a wide range of commercial applications covering industrial coolants, sealants, light switching, hyperthermia, defect sensors, and drug targeting. 3 On the other hand, non-spherical magnetic nanoparticles exhibit a high level of shape anisotropy with distinct magnetic properties. 4 Non-spherical particles are of great interest because of the correlation between their magnetic properties, size, and shape.…”