Magnetic nano-biocomposite CuFe2 O4 @methylcellulose (MC) prepared as a new nano-photocatalyst for degradation of ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution

Abstract

Background: Antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin (CIP) are even more important in bacterial resistance, even at low concentrations. The aim of this research was to synthesize CuFe2 O4 @methylcellulose (MC) as a new nano-photocatalyst for degradation of CIP from aqueous solution. Methods: The nano-photocatalyst (CuFe2 O4 @MC) was characterized by FESEM, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Powder XRD and EDS analysis confirmed the formation of pure-phase spinel ferrites. After CuFe2 O4 @MC characterization, the effective parameters in removal efficiency of CIP such as reaction time, initial antibiotic concentration, pH, photocatalyst loading, and degradation kinetic were investigated and conditions were optimized. Then, CIP degradation experiments were conducted on the real sample in the optimal conditions. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was determined under optimum conditions. Results: The structural characterization of the magnetic nanobiocomposite showed that it is in nanoscale, ferromagnetic property, and thermal stability. The optimal conditions were obtained at pH = 7, irradiation time (90 minutes), photocatalyst loading (0.2 g), and initial concentration of CIP (3 mg/L). The removal efficiency of CIP in the optimal conditions was obtained as 80.74% and 72.87% from the synthetic and real samples, respectively. The removal of COD was obtained as 68.26% in this process. The evaluation of kinetic linear models showed that the photocatalytic degradation process was fitted by pseudo-first order kinetic model and Langmuir-Hinshelwood. CuFe2 O4 @MC photocatalyst had a good stability and reusability for the fourth runs. Conclusion: The photocatalytic degradation of CIP from aqueous media with CuFe2 O4 @MC photocatalyst has a high efficiency, which can be used in the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewaters.

Photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin using CuFe2O4@methyl cellulose based magnetic nanobiocomposite

“…Photocatalytic degradation by using metal oxides and metal spinel ferrites such as CoFe 2 O 4 , ZnFe 2 O 4 , and CuFe 2 O 4 as photocatalyst is one of the effective methods for antibiotic removal from aqueous solutions [[12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21]]. The photocatalytic removal process with nanophotocatalysts, which has been reported in some studies, was pH-sensitive.…”

“…Due to, previous studies literature review, there is no research about the CIP removal using CuFe 2 O 4 @methylcellulose as a magnetic nanobiocomposite photocatalyst from aqueous solutions. CuFe 2 O 4 @methylcellulose is a new class of biocomposites, which built from organic linkers and inorganic metal nodes through coordination bonds [21]. Therefore, a magnetically separable CuFe 2 O 4 @methyl cellulose (MC) photocatalyst was designed with a facile, fast, and green microwave-assisted method.…”

A microwave assisted method to synthesize nanoCoFe2O4@methyl cellulose as a novel metal-organic framework for antibiotic degradation

“…In studies on photocatalysis processes, comparison of the results of the photolysis, adsorption and photocatalytic mechanisms is important [12,13]. Thus, the mentioned processes were respectively differentiated in the experiments in the presence of UV radiation, but without a catalyst to assay the photolysis process and in dark condition to evaluate the adsorption process.…”

A facile and green method for synthesis of ZnFe2O4@CMC as a new magnetic nanophotocatalyst for ciprofloxacin removal from aqueous media

“…(2)) and Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) (Eq. (3)) kinetic models, as described in Table 2.Ln (C t /C 0 ) = −K obs twhere C 0 , C t , and K obs are the initial concentrations of CIP, CIP concentration at certain reaction times, and constant rate of the pseudo- first order reaction, respectively [4]. 1Kobs=1KCKL−H+C0KCwhere C 0 is the initial CIP concentration, K c is the constant rate of the superficial reaction (mg L −1 min −1 ), and K L-H is the adsorption equilibrium constant of the L-H model (L mg −1 ) [4].…”