Magnetic moments and chemical bonding in isolated BiNCoM clusters

Magnetization curves of DyN clusters

“…The experimental setup is described elsewhere [14]. The source has been modified to produce clusters with very small temperatures.…”

“…The deflection is detected size selectively by a time of flight mass spectrometer in combination with an ionization laser beam. The magnet and the detection unit are described in [14].…”

Growth of tellurium clusters in presence of metal impurities

“…After a travel distance of 3.75 m, clusters are photoionized by means of collimated excimer laser light (hν = 7.9 eV) and analyzed by timeof-flight mass spectrometry. Experimental details have already been described in [3]. Differing from [3], the reaction chamber (Fig.…”

“…Experimental details have already been described in [3]. Differing from [3], the reaction chamber (Fig. 1) has a modified design (inner diameter 6 mm, length 30 mm) and is kept at room temperature (T = 300 K).…”

“…This source has the advantage of producing relatively high cluster flux, but only elements with high vapor pressure at low temperatures can be used. A second source type is the double laser vaporization source, which was developed more recently [2,3] having the advantage, that almost all solid elements can be used as precursors. If we consider cluster growth in a mixture of vapors of two elements, one expects, that the presence of atoms or clusters of one element can influence the cluster growth of the other element.…”