“…Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) is the most popular magnetic sensing method used in this study to investigate defect features, including width, depth, and area. In the past, magnetic flux leakage (MFL) has been used for testing pipelines [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ] and inspecting plates [ 26 , 27 ], tubes [ 28 , 29 , 30 ], wire ropes [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ], rail tracks [ 36 ], tank floors [ 37 , 38 ], and suspension bridge stay cables [ 39 ] made up of ferromagnetic material.…”