Magnetic field–induced pair density wave state in the cuprate vortex halo

Edkins, Stephen; Kostin, Andrey; Fujita, Kazuhiro; Mackenzie, Andrew P.; Eisaki, H.; Uchida, S.; Sachdev, Subir; Lawler, Michael J.; Kim, Eun-Ah; Davis, J. C. Séamus; Hamidian, Mohammad

doi:10.1126/science.aat1773

Cited by 148 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The existence of such a state should manifest itself through a Q P DW = Q CDW /2 modulation. Although STM studies have reported evidence for PDW order in the halos of vortices [44], there are no x-ray diffraction results supporting the existence of a PDW order in YBCO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Spatially inhomogeneous competition between superconductivity and the charge density wave in YBa2Cu3O6.67

et al. 2020

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The charge density wave in the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) is now known to have two different ordering tendencies differentiated by their c-axis correlations. These correspond to ferro-(F-CDW) and antiferro-(AF-CDW) couplings between CDW in neighbouring CuO2 bilayers. This discovery has prompted a number of fundamental questions. For example, how does superconductivity adjust to two competing orders and are either of these orders responsible for the electronic reconstruction? Here we use high-energy x-ray diffraction to study YBa2Cu3O6.67 as a function of magnetic field and temperature. We show that regions of the sample with F-CDW correlations suppress superconductivity more strongly than those with AF-CDW correlations. This implies that an inhomogeneous superconducting state exists, in which some regions show a weak or fragile form of superconductivity. By comparison of F-CDW and AF-CDW correlation lengths, it is furthermore concluded that F-CDW ordering is sufficiently long-range to modify the electronic structure. Our study thus suggests that F-CDW correlations have an important impact on superconducting and normal state properties of underdoped YBCO. * S.Hayden@bristol.ac.uk † johan.chang@physik.uzh.ch been realized [11][12][13][14]. These correspond to different ordering patterns along the c-axis [11,12]. Magnetic field (or uniaxial stress) induces an in-phase "ferro-coupled" CDW (F-CDW) along the b-axis [12, 13] on top of the original out-of-phase bi-axial "antiferro-coupled" CDW (AF-CDW) order. Quenched disorder, that in YBCO is naturally introduced through imperfections in the chain layer, may have important implications for the CDW order [13,15,16]. It is believed that disorder locally favors the AF-CDW order and that the evolution of the CDW correlations with magnetic field may be understood as a cross-over transition in which the CDW coupling along the c-axis varies [12,16].More recently, the case where competing tendencies towards CDW and SC order in the presence of topological defects due to quenched disorder and of vortices in the SC state has been considered [15]. It was demonstrated theoretically, that a "fragile" SC state can occur at low temperatures and at high magnetic field. This state is based on regions in which the CDW order is weakened due to defects where locally superconducting halos can form. These regions then can couple to form a state with global SC phase coherence. Given the richness of theoretical possibilities when superconductivity competes with arXiv:1909.09359v1 [cond-mat.supr-con]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Spatially inhomogeneous competition between superconductivity and the charge density wave in YBa2Cu3O6.67

et al. 2020

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“…In the context of Ginzburg-Landau theory (11,12,13,14),these data indicate that, in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O 8+δ , a field-induced pair density wave state emerges within the halo region surrounding each quantized vortex core. A Typical Ic(r) image from Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+δ at p = 0.17%.…”

Section: Evidence For a Pdw In Bi2sr2cacu2o8+δ In A Magneticmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Physics of Pair-Density Waves: Cuprate Superconductors and Beyond

Agterberg

Davis

Edkins

et al. 2020

Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys.

291

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We review the physics of pair density wave (PDW) superconductors. We begin with a macroscopic description that emphasizes order induced by PDW states, such as charge density wave, and discuss related vestigial states that emerge as a consequence of partial meting of the PDW order. We review and critically discuss the mounting experimental evidence for such PDW order in the cuprate superconductors, the status of the theoretical microscopic description of such order, and the current debate on whether the PDW is a "mother order" or another competing order in the cuprates. In addition, we give an overview of the weak coupling version of PDW order, Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states, in the context of cold atom systems, unconventional superconductors, and non-centrosymmetric and Weyl materials.The GLW energy density consistent with time-reversal, parity, space group, and gauge symmetries is (5, 15)The parameters βi depend upon the specific microscopic model. Depending on which values are found for these, one of five possible ground states can be realized. These five phases include the following: the FF-type phase with only one momentum component, the FF * phase which is a bidirectional version of the FF-type phase, the LO type which include pairing with opposite momentum components: these include the unidirectional phase, and the bidirectional-I (II) phases which have a phase factor of 0 (π/2) between the two unidirectional components. These five states give rise to different patterns of induced order, providing a means to distinguish them. We now turn to these induced orders.Induced Order Parameters www.annualreviews.org • The Physics of Pair Density Waves 3 6 Agterberg et al.

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“…Moreover, a PDW order has been recently observed below T c in the halo 39 surrounding the vortex core in the cuprate compound Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+δ (BSCCO). This PDW occurs with modulations both at the same wave vector as the charge modulations and at half of its value.…”

Section: A General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fractionalized pair density wave in the pseudogap phase of cuprate superconductors

et al. 2019

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The mysterious pseudo-gap (PG) phase of cuprate superconductors has been the subject of intense investigation over the last thirty years, but without a clear agreement about its origin. Owing to a recent observation in Raman spectroscopy, of a precursor in the charge channel, on top of the well known fact of a precursor in the superconducting channel, we present here a novel idea: the PG is formed through a Higgs mechanism, where two kinds of preformed pairs, in the particle-particle and particle-hole channels, become entangled through a freezing of their global phase. Remarkably, this entanglement is equivalent to fractionalizing a bond Cooper pair density wave (PDW) into its elementary parts; the particle-hole pair, giving rise to both density modulations and current modulations, and the particle-particle counterpart, leading to the formation of Cooper pairs. From this perspective, the "fractionalized PDW" becomes the central object around the formation of the pseudo-gap. The "locking" of phases between the charge and superconducting modes gives a unique explanation for the unusual global phase coherence of short-range charge modulations, observed below Tc on phase sensitive scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). A simple microscopic model enables us to estimate the mean-field values of the precursor gaps in each channel and the PG energy scale, and to compare them to the values observed in Raman scattering spectroscopy. We also discuss the possibility of a multiplicity of orders in the PG phase and give an overview of the phase diagram. arXiv:1906.01633v2 [cond-mat.supr-con]

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Magnetic field–induced pair density wave state in the cuprate vortex halo

Cited by 148 publications

References 58 publications

Spatially inhomogeneous competition between superconductivity and the charge density wave in YBa2Cu3O6.67

Spatially inhomogeneous competition between superconductivity and the charge density wave in YBa2Cu3O6.67

The Physics of Pair-Density Waves: Cuprate Superconductors and Beyond

Fractionalized pair density wave in the pseudogap phase of cuprate superconductors

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