Magnetic easy-axis switching in Co/Pt and Co/Au superlattices induced by nitrogen ion beam irradiation

Blon, Thomas; Assayag, Gérard; Ousset, J.C.; Pécassou, Béatrice; Claverie, A.; Snoeck, E.

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2007.01.264

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These factors may also increase the local density of states at the Fermi energy or decrease the bandwidth in the interface region [3,11,13,17,21]. The specific electronic behavior depends on the materials involved and the damping has been studied in variety of systems, including Au, MgO, Cu, and Ta NM overlayers on FM layers of Co, CoFeB, and Ni 80 Fe 20 [3,8,16,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moving on to extrinsic damping contributions, two-magnon scattering refers to the scattering of uniform magnetization precession into pairs of magnons with nonzero wave vectors [3,16,22]. This can occur when the symmetry of the system is disturbed by structural defects like film roughness and intermixing [1,3,21] and will enhance the effective damping of the magnetization precession.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can occur when the symmetry of the system is disturbed by structural defects like film roughness and intermixing [1,3,21] and will enhance the effective damping of the magnetization precession. Increased intermixing will also enhance the effective spin-mixing conductance [8,21,22], and modifying the interface will affect all of the mechanisms mentioned above [4,23]. It is therefore of great interest to study the evolution of precessional magnetic damping in FM/NM bilayers as the interface develops as a function of the NM thickness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evolution of damping in ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic thin film bilayers as a function of nonmagnetic layer thickness

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reprinted with permission from the American Physical Society: Azzawi, S. and Ganguly, A. and Toka c, M. and Rowan-Robinson, R.M. and Sinha, J. and Hindmarch, A.T. and Barman, A. and Atkinson, D. (2016) 'Evolution of damping in ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic thin lm bilayers as a function of nonmagnetic layer thickness.', Physical review B., 93 (5). 054402 c 2016 by the American Physical Society. Readers may view, browse, and/or download material for temporary copying purposes only, provided these uses are for noncommercial personal purposes. Except as provided by law, this material may not be further reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modied, adapted, performed, displayed, published, or sold in whole or part, without prior written permission from the American Physical Society.Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. The evolution of damping in Co/Pt, Co/Au, and Ni 81 Fe 19 /Pt bilayers was studied with increasing nonmagnetic (NM) heavy-metal layer thicknesses in the range 0.2 nm t NM 10 nm, where t NM is the NM layer thickness. Magnetization precession was measured in the time domain using time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect magnetometry. Fitting of the data with a damped sinusoidal function was undertaken in order to extract the phenomenological Gilbert damping coefficient α. For Pt-capped Co and Ni 81 Fe 19 layers a large and complex dependence of α on the Pt layer thickness was observed, while for Au capping no significant dependence was observed. It is suggested that this difference is related to the different localized spin-orbit interaction related to intermixing and to d-d hybridization of Pt and Au at the interface with Co or Ni 81 Fe 19 . Also it was shown that damping is affected by the crystal structure differences in FM thin films and at the interface, which can modify the spin-diffusion length and the effective spin-mixing conductance. In addition to the intrinsic damping an extrinsic contribution plays an important role in the enhancement of damping when the Pt capping layer is discontinuous. The dependence of damping on the nonmagnetic layer thickness is complex but shows qualitative agreement with recent theoretical predictions.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evolution of damping in ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic thin film bilayers as a function of nonmagnetic layer thickness

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…18,19 The pioneering work of Chappert et al 20 on the Co=Pt magnetic systems stimulated numerous studies focused on the influence of the ion irradiation and implantation on the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) systems. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] In-plane magnetic systems, such as Permalloy (nominal composition Ni 80 Fe 20 ), have also attracted interest, and some similar studies have been conducted on those systems. [37][38][39] Energy transfer from the incident ions can cause atomic displacements of target atoms, leading to intermixing across the interface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of focused-ion-beam–induced structural and compositional modifications in nanoscale bilayer systems by combined grazing incidence x ray reflectivity and fluorescence

Arac

Burn

Eastwood

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

2012) 'Study of focused-ion-beaminduced structural and compositional modications in nanoscale bilayer systems by combined grazing incidence x ray reectivity and uorescence.', Journal of applied physics., 111 (4). 044324.Further information on publisher's website: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. A detailed analysis of the structural and compositional changes in NiFe=Au bilayers induced by a focused ion beam (FIB) is presented. NiFe=Au bilayers with different thickness were irradiated with a focused 30 keV Ga þ ion beam, and the evaluation of the individual layers and interfaces were investigated systematically as a function of a broad range of irradiation fluence using grazing incidence x ray reflectivity (GIXRR) and angular dependent x ray fluorescence (ADXRF) techniques carried out at synchrotron radiation sources. Experimental data were collected from 1.3 mm Â 4.5 mm structures, and irradiation of such a broad areas with a 100-nm-wide focused ion beam is a challenging task. Two irradiation regimes were identified: For Ga þ fluences < 15.6 Â 10 14 ion=cm 2 (low dose regime), the main influence of the focused ion beam is on the interface and, beyond this dose (high dose regime), sputtering effects and ion implantation becomes significant, eventually causing amorphization of the bilayer system. The broadening of the NiFe=Au interface occurs even at the lowest dose, and above a critical fluence (U ¼ 1.56 Â 10 14 ion=cm 2 ) can be represented by an interfacial-intermixed layer (Ni x Fe y Au (1-x-y) ; x ¼ 0.5-0.6, y ¼ 0.1-0.15) formed between the NiFe and Au layers. The thickness of this layer increases with irradiation fluence in the low dose regime. A linear relationship is found between the squared intermixing length and irradiation fluence, indicating that FIB-induced mixing is diffusion controlled. The ballistic model fails to describe FIB-induced intermixing, indicating that thermodynamical factors, which might be originated from FIB specific features, should be taken into account. Despite the complexity of the chemical and structural formation, good agreement between the experiment and theory highlights the functionality of the combined GIXRR and ADXRF techniques for studying intermixing in high resolution. V C 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx

show abstract

“…This effect, originating from the local atomic structure modification, can be induced by ion bombardment [1][2][3]. Because of special requirements for magnetic hard disc technology the attention is focused on magnetic layered films with perpendicular anisotropy (e.g., Co/Pt, Co/Au) [4,5]. As a result of intermixing at the interfaces the perpendicular anisotropy decreases with increasing ion dose and for large fluence transforms to easy-plane anisotropy [4,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Tailoring of Domains in NiFe/Au/Co/Au Multilayers by He Ion Bombardment through Nanospheres

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sputter deposited (Ni80Fe20/Au/Co/Au)10 multilayers, characterized by alternating in-plane and perpendicular anisotropies of the NiFe and Co layers, respectively, and out-of-plane stripe (labyrinth) domain structure in the Co layers, were bombarded by He + -ions (10 keV) through a mask consisting of polystyrene nanospheres with a diameter of 470 nm. The changes of multilayers magnetic properties after ion bombardment are correlated with the used mask structure.

show abstract

Magnetic easy-axis switching in Co/Pt and Co/Au superlattices induced by nitrogen ion beam irradiation

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Evolution of damping in ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic thin film bilayers as a function of nonmagnetic layer thickness

Evolution of damping in ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic thin film bilayers as a function of nonmagnetic layer thickness

Study of focused-ion-beam–induced structural and compositional modifications in nanoscale bilayer systems by combined grazing incidence x ray reflectivity and fluorescence

Magnetic Tailoring of Domains in NiFe/Au/Co/Au Multilayers by He Ion Bombardment through Nanospheres

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About