Abstract:Phthalate esters (PAEs) and bisphenol A (BPA) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which are widely used in the production of food plastic packaging and easily migrate to food.
“…4–6 In addition, BPA is an important synthetic raw material in the chemical industry and in the production of consumer products, including food containers and packaging materials, where it is commonly utilized. 7–9 Studies have shown that BPA can leach from drinking water bottles and food cans and accumulate in various tissues when it enters the body with food. 10–12 It has been shown that the availability of binding enzymes is low in infants and young children, which is expected to lead to the accumulation of free BPA levels.…”
The activity modulation of nanozymes with multi-enzymatic activities has both opportunities and challenges in practical applications. In this study, we found firstly that gallic acid erosion had a significant inhibitory...
“…4–6 In addition, BPA is an important synthetic raw material in the chemical industry and in the production of consumer products, including food containers and packaging materials, where it is commonly utilized. 7–9 Studies have shown that BPA can leach from drinking water bottles and food cans and accumulate in various tissues when it enters the body with food. 10–12 It has been shown that the availability of binding enzymes is low in infants and young children, which is expected to lead to the accumulation of free BPA levels.…”
The activity modulation of nanozymes with multi-enzymatic activities has both opportunities and challenges in practical applications. In this study, we found firstly that gallic acid erosion had a significant inhibitory...
“…Currently, the analysis of PAE is mainly carried out by chromatographic methods, for example, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [29], ultra HPLS using a sustainable natural deep eutectic solvent-based analytical methodology [30] or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [8,9,[31][32][33][34][35][36]. These analytical methods allow accurate and sensitive quantitative analysis; however, they require expensive instrumentation, highly skilled personnel and complex sample processing that cannot meet the requirements for rapid detection of toxicants outside the laboratory.…”
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is widely used as a plasticizer in the production of polymeric materials to give them flexibility, strength and extensibility. However, due to its negative impact on human health, in particular reproductive functions and fetal development, the content of DBP must be controlled in food and the environment. The present study aims to develop a sensitive, fast and simple fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) using monoclonal antibodies derived against DBP (MAb-DBP) for its detection in open waters. New conjugates of DBP with various fluorescein derivatives were obtained and characterized: 5-aminomethylfluorescein (AMF) and dichlorotriazinylaminofluorescein (DTAF). The advantages of using the DBP-AMF conjugate in the FPIA method are shown, the kinetics of binding of this chemical with antibodies are studied, the analysis is optimized, and the concentration of monoclonal antibodies is selected for sensitivity analysis—16 nM. The calibration dependence of the fluorescence polarization signal for the detection of DBP was obtained. The observed IC50 (DBP concentration at which a 50% decrease in the fluorescence polarization signal occurs, 40 ng/mL) and the limit of detection (LOD, 7.5 ng/mL) values were improved by a factor of 45 over the previously described FPIA using polyclonal antibodies. This technique was tested by the recovery method, and the high percentage of DBP discovery in water ranged from 85 to 110%. Using the developed method, real water samples from Lake Onega were tested, and a good correlation was shown between the results of the determination of DBP by the FPIA method and GC-MS. Thus, the FPIA method developed in this work can be used to determine DBP in open-water reservoirs.
In this work, a novel electrospun nanofiber (PAN/TpBD; 2,4,6‐triformylphloroglucinol [Tp] and benzidine [BD]; polyacrylonitrile [PAN]) was fabricated via a facile electrospinning method and utilized as adsorbent in thin film microextraction (TFME) of phthalate esters (PAEs) (dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, diallyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and dioctyl phthalate) in biodegradable plastics. The prepared PAN/TpBD combines the strong stability of nanofibers with increased exposure sites for covalent organic frameworks and enhanced interactions with the target, thus improving the enrichment effect on the target. The extraction efficiency of PAN/TpBD reached above 80%. Based on PAN/TpBD, a TFME‐high‐performance liquid chromatography method was established, and the experimental parameters were optimized. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the PAEs of this method varied linearly in the range of 10–10 000 µg/L with low detection limits (0.69–2.72 µg/L). The intra‐day and inter‐day relative standard deviation values of the PAEs were less than 8.04% and 8.73%, respectively. The adsorbent can achieve more than 80% recovery of the five targets after six times reuse. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of trace PAEs in biodegradable plastics with recoveries ranging from 80.1% to 113.4% and relative standard deviations were less than 9.45%. The as‐synthesized PAN/TpBD adsorbent exhibited great potential in PAE analysis.
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