Magnetic catalysis of a finite-size pion condensate

Abstract

We study the Bose-Einstein condensation of a finite size pion gas subject to the influence of a magnetic field. We find the expressions for the critical chemical potential and temperature for the onset of condensation. We show that for values of the external magnetic flux larger than the elemental flux, the critical temperature is larger than the one obtained by considering only finite size effects. We use experimentally reported values of pion source sizes and multiplicities at LHC energies to show that if the magnetic flux, produced initially in peripheral heavy-ion collision, is at least partially preserved up to the hadronic phase, the combined finite size and magnetic field effects give rise to a critical temperature above the kinetic freeze-out temperature. We discuss the implications for the evolution of the pion system created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

Critical behaviour of an effective relativistic mean field model in the presence of magnetic background and boundaries

“…In other words, an inverse magnetic catalysis takes places in this regime. This phenomenon is known in the literature, and also found in other scenarios [21,[23][24][25][26][27][28]. This mechanism induces the restoration of symmetry at higher tempera- tures of the system, lost at lower temperatures.…”

Inverse magnetic catalysis from the properties of the QCD coupling in a magnetic field

“…When the temperature reaches the transition region the magnetic field dominates the interaction, quenching monotonically the binding for all field strengths. The search for an explanation of such properties has attracted the attention of a great deal of research over the last years [3,4]. A possible way to look at this effect has been casted in terms of the competition between the valence and the sea contributions to the quark condensate.…”

Calculation of the pion-photon transition form factor using dispersion relations and renormalization-group summation

“…(B6) in Appendix B. Note that the imposition of calibration is a novelty of the present investigation and differs from other approaches that try to model the low-energy behavior of the couplings [59][60][61]. The difference relative to [59] arises from the imposition A ν (0) = δ at small fixed value δ, while in [60,61] one sets A ν (0) ∼ Q 2 (when Q 2 → 0) as suggested by lattice simulations [62] for dressing functions.…”