Magnetic annealing of amorphous alloys

Luborsky, F. E.; Becker, J. J.; McCary, R.

doi:10.1109/tmag.1975.1058974

Cited by 196 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The kinetics of the process (logarithmic in time) indicate that they can be best described in terms of the redistribution or transformation (splittings) of structural defects. Although the present study was made on one specific alloy composition, the conclusions are probably valid for other compositions too, at least for those amorphous alloys composed of the transition metals and metalloids, since the behaviour of the structural relaxation [16], and other kinetics [4,5,17,23,42,43] does not depend upon details of the composition of the alloys. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In fact the agreement is much better than in the case of the study of diffusion in which the pre-exponent was determined by conventional analysis without considering the structural relaxation, therefore it was found to be smaller by a factor of 106 than the appropriate value [41]. Equation 15 indicates that the structural relaxation is negligible at T< 170~ even after one hour of annealing, while diffusion appears to be appreciable at temperatures lower than 170 ~ C [4,17]. This is in accordance with our observation that the structural relaxation is a collective atomic process; diffusion is basically a single atomic process and does not necessarily result in the structural relaxation in a direct manner.…”

Section: Dx/dt = C Exp (-C~x/kr) (13) the Kinetic Equation Is Obtainementioning

confidence: 85%

“…Through these studies, it became clear that many of these properties are often drastically changed by annealing without causing crystallization. Some of these effects of annealing, such as a decrease in magnetic anisotropy [3] or stress relief [4,5], are the results of ordinary diffusion, but many are attributed to a subtle change in the structure, usually called the structural relaxation. Amorphous alloys are usually obtained by rapid quenching; the liquid state can be preserved by quickly freezing the liquid, i.e., by cooling down below the glass transition temperature Tg, before the nucleation of the crystalline state [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural relaxation in amorphous Fe40Ni40P14 B6 studied by energy dispersive X-ray diffraction

Egami

1978

J Mater Sci

306

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The atomic structure and the structural relaxation of amorphous Fe40 Ni40 P14 B6 alloy were studied using the energy dispersive X-ray diffraction method. It was demonstrated that the structure of the amorphous alloy can be determined self-consistently with high accuracy by this method. The results indicated that the structural relaxation is a highly collective process involving many atoms, and can be described in terms of the redistribution and transformation of the structural defects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Dx/dt = C Exp (-C~x/kr) (13) the Kinetic Equation Is Obtainementioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Structural relaxation in amorphous Fe40Ni40P14 B6 studied by energy dispersive X-ray diffraction

Egami

1978

J Mater Sci

306

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“…16,53 The compressive stress will induce an out-of-plane anisotropy K u2 , while the tensile stress will induce an in-plane anisotropy. 54,55 According to the work of Tejedor et al, 56 the ribbon is mainly under the compressive stress if the ribbon's thickness is less than 20 µm, which is the same as our ribbon thickness. Hence, we consider our ribbon is mainly under compressive stress, and the stress induced magnetism moments in bulk part are almost perpendicular to the ribbon surface.…”

Section: B Magnetic Anisotropy In Amorphous Ribbonsmentioning

confidence: 57%

On the magnetic anisotropy in Fe78Si9B13 ingots and amorphous ribbons: Orientation aligning of Fe-based phases/clusters

et al. 2017

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Magnetic anisotropy in Fe-based amorphous ribbon plays an important role in various applications and is still not fully understood. To gain an in-depth understanding of this phenomenon, the structure and magnetic properties of Fe78Si9B13 master alloy ingots and melt-spun amorphous ribbons were measured by various techniques. For the ingot samples, both the <100>α-Fe and <001>Fe2B axes are aligned parallel with the radial direction (RD) of the original cylindrical ingot, i.e. the maximum temperature gradient direction, and their other orthogonal axes have several preferred directions in the plane vertical to RD. The hard magnetic axis of the ingot samples is parallel to RD, which is due to the large magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy difference between <001> and {001} of the Fe2B phase. For the amorphous ribbons, there is an in-plane magnetic anisotropy: the easy or hard axis of magnetization is aligned on the plane of the ribbon, and parallel to or at an angle of about 60° to its width direction, respectively. According to the structural heredity between the melts and glasses/crystals during solidification, we deduce that the magnetic anisotropy in the ribbon plane is ascribed to the orientation alignment of Fe-Si and Fe-B clusters, i.e. a hidden order beyond short-range order, in Fe78Si9B13 amorphous ribbons.

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“…These treatments are able both to relax the internal stresses [3][4][5][6] generated in the production process and to induce magnetic anisotropies improving the magnetic behavior of the soft magnetic material. [7][8][9] The conventional method carried out is placing the sample inside a furnace with an inert atmosphere, which is provided to prevent the undesirable oxidation of the sample. Another type of annealing which has become successful due to its simplicity is called current annealing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic force microscopy characterization of heat and current treated Fe40Ni38Mo4B18 amorphous ribbons

García¹,

Iturriza²,

Val³

et al. 2010

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

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ABSTRACT:The domain structure of a magnetostrictive Fe 40 Ni 38 Mo 4 B 18 amorphous ribbon has been studied using magnetic force microscopy (MFM) at room temperature. First, the evolution of the magnetic domain patterns as a function of the annealing temperature has been investigated. In samples heat treated at 250 and 450 °C for 1 h, a transformation from 90° to 180° domain wall has been clearly observed, while the sample heat treated at 700 °C for 1 h showed a magnetic phase fixed by the crystalline anisotropy. Additionally, the evolution of the magnetic domain structure by applying a DC current was recorded by the MFM technique. For current annealed samples at 1 A for 1, 30 and 60 min, a transformation between different domain patterns has been observed. Finally, in samples treated by the current annealing method under simultaneous stress, an increase of the annealing time gives rise to a different magnetic structure arising from the development of transverse magnetic anisotropy.

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Magnetic annealing of amorphous alloys

Cited by 196 publications

References 5 publications

Structural relaxation in amorphous Fe40Ni40P14 B6 studied by energy dispersive X-ray diffraction

Structural relaxation in amorphous Fe40Ni40P14 B6 studied by energy dispersive X-ray diffraction

On the magnetic anisotropy in Fe78Si9B13 ingots and amorphous ribbons: Orientation aligning of Fe-based phases/clusters

Magnetic force microscopy characterization of heat and current treated Fe40Ni38Mo4B18 amorphous ribbons

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