Magnetic Anisotropy and Magnetostriction of Ordered and Disordered Cobalt-Iron Alloys

Hall, R. C.

doi:10.1063/1.1984643

Cited by 129 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…In later experiments, Hall reported magnetostriction of λ 100~1 50 p.p.m. for annealed bulk single crystal Fe 0.5 Co 0.5 alloys 29,30 . Since then, several studies on alloys of the 50:50 composition in bulk 31,32 and thin films 10,11,13,33 have been reported, but little atten tion has been given to the other compositions in the phase diagram.…”

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confidence: 99%

Giant magnetostriction in annealed Co1−xFex thin-films

et al. 2011

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Chemical and structural heterogeneity and the resulting interaction of coexisting phases can lead to extraordinary behaviours in oxides, as observed in piezoelectric materials at morphotropic phase boundaries and relaxor ferroelectrics. However, such phenomena are rare in metallic alloys. Here we show that, by tuning the presence of structural heterogeneity in textured Co 1 − x Fe x thin films, effective magnetostriction λ eff as large as 260 p.p.m. can be achieved at lowsaturation field of ~10 mT. Assuming λ 100 is the dominant component, this number translates to an upper limit of magnetostriction of λ 100 ≈ 5λ eff > 1,000 p.p.m. microstructural analyses of Co 1 − x Fe x films indicate that maximal magnetostriction occurs at compositions near the (fcc + bcc)/bcc phase boundary and originates from precipitation of an equilibrium Co-rich fcc phase embedded in a Fe-rich bcc matrix. The results indicate that the recently proposed heterogeneous magnetostriction mechanism can be used to guide exploration of compounds with unusual magnetoelastic properties.

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Giant magnetostriction in annealed Co1−xFex thin-films

et al. 2011

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“…Therefore, most research has focused on MF composites. Many papers have reported the strain-induced magnetization changes in a wide range of MF layered composites (ferromagnetic (FM) ilms/ferroelectric (FE) substrates) such as Fe-Ga/(1 1 0) PMN-PT [11], Ni 80 Co 20 /(1 1 0) PZN-PT (lead zinc niobate-lead titanate) [12], FeGaB(1 1 0) PZN-PT In this study, Co 50 Fe 50 (CoFe) ilm was chosen to be the FM layer due to excellent soft magnetic properties, relatively high magnetostriction [20,21] and large saturated magnetization [22]. The (0 1 1)-oriented PMN-PT [23] was considered as the FE substrate due to its large in-plane anisotropic strains.…”

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Giant electric field tunable magnetic properties in a Co₅₀Fe₅₀/lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate multiferroic heterostructure

Yang¹,

Morley²,

Sharp³

et al. 2015

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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[13], Fe 3 O 4 /PZN-PT [14], NiFe 2 O 4 /(0 0 1) PMN-PT [15] and Ni/(1 1 0) PMN-PT [16]. Kim et al [17] studied the effects of the thickness and composition of the magnetic Co x Pd 1−x layer on the ME coupling strength. The ME constant (α) increased from 2 × 10 −7 s m −1 to 2.5 × 10 −7 s m −1 as the ilm thickness of Co 0.25 Pd 0.75 decreased from 30 nm to 10 nm. However, for both Co 0.22 Pd 0.0.78 and Co 0.18 Pd 0.0.82 compositions, α for the 10 nm thick magnetic ilm was lower than that for the 20 nm thick magnetic ilm due to the change of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) at 10 nm. In addition, for ultrathin magnetic layers (<20 nm), the magnetostriction constant (λ) can be strongly inluenced by the thickness [18] according to the formula λ = λ b + λ i /t, where λ b is the magnetostriction of the bulk, λ i is the interfacial contribution and t is the magnetic layer thickness [19]. However, the effect of varying λ with t on ME coupling was not considered by Kim et al. AbstractCo 50 Fe 50 /(0 1 1)-oriented lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) multiferroic (MF) heterostructures were fabricated by RF sputtering magnetic ilms onto PMN-PT substrates. The effect of magnetic layer thickness (30 nm to 100 nm) on the magnetoelectric (ME) coupling in the heterostructures was studied independently, due to the almost constant magnetostriction constant (λ = 40 ± 5 ppm) and similar as-grown magnetic anisotropies for all studied magnetic layer thicknesses. A record high remanence ratio (M r /M s ) tunability of 95% has been demonstrated in the 65 nm Co 50 Fe 50 /PMN-PT heterostructure, corresponding to a large ME constant (α) of 2.5 × 10 −6 s m −1 , when an external electric ield (E-ield) of 9 kV cm −1 was applied. Such an MF heterostructure provides considerable opportunities for E-ield-controlled multifunctional devices.

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“…The other contribution to the ME coupling strength change by the Ti layer is the increasing E stress due to the varying k. In a (110) textured film, the k is given by k 25 As discussed in the XRD results ( Fig. 1(a)), the (110) texture exists in the sample without Ti layer, while the texture disappears in the sample with a Ti layer.…”

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“…A large ME coupling strength was found for 10 nm Co 0 . 25 Pd 0.75 film due to a high magnetostriction. The effect of the underlayer on magnetic thin films has been widely studied [11][12][13] in the past few decades.…”

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Strain-mediated converse magnetoelectric coupling strength manipulation by a thin titanium layer

Yang

Morley

Sharp

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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The manipulation of the strain-mediated magnetoelectric (ME) coupling strength is investigated by inserting a thin Ti layer (0–10 nm) between a 50 nm Co50Fe50 layer and a (011) oriented lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) substrate. A record high remanence ratio (Mr/Ms) tunability of 100% has been demonstrated in the 50 nm CoFe/8 nm Ti/PMN-PT heterostructure, when a total in-plane piezoelectric strain of −1821 ppm was applied at an electric field (E-field) of 16 kV/cm. The ME coupling strength is gradually optimized as the Ti layer thickness increases. Magnetic energy calculation showed that with increasing Ti layer thickness the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy energy (Euni) was reduced from 43 ± 1 kJ/m3 to 29.8 ± 1 kJ/m3. The reduction of Euni makes the strain effect dominant in the total magnetic energy, thus gives an obvious enhanced ME coupling strength.

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Magnetic Anisotropy and Magnetostriction of Ordered and Disordered Cobalt-Iron Alloys

Cited by 129 publications

References 0 publications

Giant magnetostriction in annealed Co1−xFex thin-films

Giant magnetostriction in annealed Co1−xFex thin-films

Giant electric field tunable magnetic properties in a Co₅₀Fe₅₀/lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate multiferroic heterostructure

Strain-mediated converse magnetoelectric coupling strength manipulation by a thin titanium layer

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Magnetic Anisotropy and Magnetostriction of Ordered and Disordered Cobalt-Iron Alloys

Cited by 129 publications

References 0 publications

Giant magnetostriction in annealed Co1−xFex thin-films

Giant magnetostriction in annealed Co1−xFex thin-films

Giant electric field tunable magnetic properties in a Co50Fe50/lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate multiferroic heterostructure

Strain-mediated converse magnetoelectric coupling strength manipulation by a thin titanium layer

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Giant electric field tunable magnetic properties in a Co₅₀Fe₅₀/lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate multiferroic heterostructure