Magnetic Actuation Systems for Miniature Robots: A Review

Yang, Zhengxin; Zhang, Li

doi:10.1002/aisy.202000082

Cited by 194 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…We have proved the opposite with the instrumentation introduced in. 22 We are not the first who have managed to steer magnetic particles with permanent magnets (see review 28 ) but our magnet system has the great advantage that the magnetic force is constant over the inner volume which simplifies use and scaling its size (an estimation for a whole body system is given in 22 ). There are no moving robotic arms or moving magnets with substantial forces between them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contactless Nanoparticle-Based Guiding of Cells by Controllable Magnetic Fields

Blümler¹,

Friedrich²,

Pereira³

et al. 2021

NSA

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Controlled and contactless movements of magnetic nanoparticles are crucial for fundamental biotechnological and clinical research (eg, cell manipulation and sorting, hyperthermia, and magnetic drug targeting). However, the key technological question, how to generate suitable magnetic fields on various length scales (µm–m), is still unsolved. Here, we present a system of permanent magnets which allows for steering of iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) on arbitrary trajectories observable by microscopy. The movement of the particles is simply controlled by an almost force-free rotation of cylindrical arrangements of permanent magnets. The same instrument can be used to move suspended cells loaded with SPIONs along with predetermined directions. Surprisingly, it also allows for controlled movements of intracellular compartments inside of individual cells. The exclusive use of permanent magnets simplifies scaled up versions for animals or even humans, which would open the door for remotely controlled in vivo guidance of nanoparticles or micro-robots.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contactless Nanoparticle-Based Guiding of Cells by Controllable Magnetic Fields

Blümler¹,

Friedrich²,

Pereira³

et al. 2021

NSA

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“…The abovementioned advantages make magnetic actuation the preferred strategy for driving microactuators [ 58 ]. A large amount of exploratory work has been done and continues to be carried forward [ 42 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. The marriage of the magnetic driving method and TPP, which features precise and designable 3D shapes for microstructures, provides a new platform for the research of magnetron microactuators.…”

Section: Stimulus Methods Of Microactuatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the above advantages, 3D laser printing is considered as a very promising technology for the manufacturing of 3D microactuators, and a large amount of interesting work has been done [ 41 ]. Although many inspiring reviews about 3D microrobotics have been made by researchers [ 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], few articles focused on 3D microactuators made with 3D laser printing based on TPP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tethered and Untethered 3D Microactuators Fabricated by Two-Photon Polymerization: A Review

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Microactuators, which can transform external stimuli into mechanical motion at microscale, have attracted extensive attention because they can be used to construct microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and/or microrobots, resulting in extensive applications in a large number of fields such as noninvasive surgery, targeted delivery, and biomedical machines. In contrast to classical 2D MEMS devices, 3D microactuators provide a new platform for the research of stimuli-responsive functional devices. However, traditional planar processing techniques based on photolithography are inadequate in the construction of 3D microstructures. To solve this issue, researchers have proposed many strategies, among which 3D laser printing is becoming a prospective technique to create smart devices at the microscale because of its versatility, adjustability, and flexibility. Here, we review the recent progress in stimulus-responsive 3D microactuators fabricated with 3D laser printing depending on different stimuli. Then, an outlook of the design, fabrication, control, and applications of 3D laser-printed microactuators is propounded with the goal of providing a reference for related research.

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“…For more details of magnetic actuation mechanism, design, and operation, the readers are referred to several recently published reviews which have specifically introduced how magnetic fields (rotating, oscillating, and gradient) to actuate and control magnetic micro/nanorobots [ 55 , 56 ]. For example, in a very recent review, Yang and Zhang [ 57 ] elaborated actuation systems including systems with permanent magnets (single and multiple magnets) and systems with electromagnets (paired coils and distributed stationary or movable electromagnets). Beyond research examples, another recent review paper detailed current commercial magnetic actuation systems, such as Niobe, Genesis, Aeon Phocus, MiniMag, OctoMag, and Catheter Guidance Control and Imaging systems [ 58 ].…”

Section: Recent Advancements Of the Design Of Magnetic Small-scale Romentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro/nanoscale magnetic robots for biomedical applications

Koleoso

Xue

et al. 2020

Materials Today Bio

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Magnetic small-scale robots are devices of great potential for the biomedical field because of the several benefits of this method of actuation. Recent work on the development of these devices has seen tremendous innovation and refinement toward improved performance for potential clinical applications. This review briefly details recent advancements in small-scale robots used for biomedical applications, covering their design, fabrication, applications, and demonstration of ability, and identifies the gap in studies and the difficulties that have persisted in the optimization of the use of these devices. In addition, alternative biomedical applications are also suggested for some of the technologies that show potential for other functions. This study concludes that although the field of small-scale robot research is highly innovative there is need for more concerted efforts to improve functionality and reliability of these devices particularly in clinical applications. Finally, further suggestions are made toward the achievement of commercialization for these devices.

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Magnetic Actuation Systems for Miniature Robots: A Review

Cited by 194 publications

References 154 publications

Contactless Nanoparticle-Based Guiding of Cells by Controllable Magnetic Fields

Contactless Nanoparticle-Based Guiding of Cells by Controllable Magnetic Fields

Tethered and Untethered 3D Microactuators Fabricated by Two-Photon Polymerization: A Review

Micro/nanoscale magnetic robots for biomedical applications

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