Magnesium sulfate for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Ni, Han; Naing, Cho; Aye, Swe Zin

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013506

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Thus the antiinflammatory, anti-cholinergic, and anti-histaminic actions of Mg 2? provide favorable effects in COPD conditions (Ni et al 2020). In a randomized, doubleblind trial, it is reported that infusion of magnesium could contribute in correction of altered parameters like functional respiratory capacity, inspiratory capacity, MIP and MEP in COPD patients (Skorodin et al 1995).…”

Section: Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis Is An Autosomal Recessive Disorder Due To Mutation In the Cftr (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Comentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Magnesium’-the master cation-as a drug—possibilities and evidences

Mathew

Panonnummal

2021

Biometals

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Magnesium (Mg 2? ) is the 2nd most abundant intracellular cation, which participates in various enzymatic reactions; there by regulating vital biological functions. Magnesium (Mg 2? ) can regulate several cations, including sodium, potassium, and calcium; it consequently maintains physiological functions like impulse conduction, blood pressure, heart rhythm, and muscle contraction. But, it doesn't get much attention in account with its functions, making it a ''Forgotten cation''. Like other cations, maintenance of the normal physiological level of Mg 2? is important. Its deficiency is associated with various diseases, which point out to the importance of Mg 2? as a drug. The roles of Mg 2? such as natural calcium antagonist, glutamate NMDA receptor blocker, vasodilator, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent are responsible for its therapeutic benefits. Various salts of Mg 2? are currently in clinical use, but their application is limited. This review collates all the possible mechanisms behind the behavior of magnesium as a drug at different disease conditions with clinical shreds of evidence. Keywords Magnesium Á Calcium antagonist Á Hypomagnesemia Á NMDA blocker Á Forgotten cation Á Vasodilator Abbreviations ACE Angiotensin converting enzyme AD Alzheimer's disease (AD) ALP Alkaline phosphatase ALT Aminotransferase AMPA a-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4isoxazolepropionic acid APP Amyloid precursor protein AST Aspartate aminotransferase ATP Adenosine triphosphate BBB Blood brain barrier BMD Bone mineral density BMP2 Bone morphogenetic protein 2 BP Blood pressure cAMP Cyclic Adenosine mono phosphate CAD Coronary arytery diseases CFTR Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CGRP Calcitonin gene related peptide CHF Congestive heart Failure Claudin CLDN CNS Central nervous system CSD Cortical spreading depression CSF Cerebrospinal fluid CTF b C terminal fragment b CVD Cardiovascular diseases

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Section: Cystic Fibrosis Cystic Fibrosis Is An Autosomal Recessive Disorder Due To Mutation In the Cftr (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Comentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Magnesium’-the master cation-as a drug—possibilities and evidences

Mathew

Panonnummal

2021

Biometals

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“…Moreover, the association between systemic inflammation and Mg deficiency has been delineated. Mg deficiency causes increases in serum levels of TNFα and inflammatory cytokines with a concomitant decline of production and release of anti-inflammatory cytokines [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Mg deficiency with its stressor effect makes the body more susceptible to physiological stress resulting in activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and sympathetic nervous system [23].…”

Section: Mg/mg Deficiency and Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The possible correlation between magnesium deficiency and SARS-CoV-2 infection

Nazemi¹,

Shariat²,

Dallal³

et al. 2021

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Magnesium (Mg) is an essential electrolyte for living organisms. It is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body. Although Mg is usually found in hard water and high-fiber diets, wide use of soft water and refined flour impose people at risk of Mg deficiency. Imbalances in Mg status and Mg deficiency may result in a variety of complications associated with the immune, cardiovascular, urinary, nervous, and respiratory systems. Because of the important roles of magnesium in the prevention and treatment of many diseases, several studies are focusing on the correlation between Mg status and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present study reviewed several types of research to indicate the importance of monitoring of Mg status as well as the possible role of Mg supplementation for supportive treatment in COVID-19 patients. The results indicated that Mg deficiency could be a risk factor for multi-organ dysfunction in COVID-19 infection. Mg supplementation improves functions of the immune, cardiovascular, nervous, urinary, and respiratory systems through different mechanisms. Suppression of cytokine storm, bronchodilation, antithrombotic function, a decrease of arterial blood pressure, preventing electrolyte imbalance, increase stress resistance are some of the related mechanisms. These findings may provide a reference regarding the possible beneficial effects of the Mg supplement as an inexpensive, safe, and easily available drug for supportive treatment in COVID-19 patients.

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“…This may be the reason why hypomagnesemia is associated with impaired pulmonary function (4). Lower serum Mg concentrations are associated with an increased incidence of exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). In view of these observations it is reasonable to assume that Mg deficiency would also worsen lung function in COVID-19.…”

Section: Mg and Lung Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intravenous Mg sulfate, i.e. pharmacological Mg application, is emphasized as an adjunctive therapy for acute asthma in the emergency department (10) and discussed for acute exacerbations of COPD and asthma-COPD overlap (9). Whether intravenous Mg sulfate could improve lung function in COVID-19 has to be shown in controlled clinical trials.…”

Section: Mg and Lung Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium and COVID-19 – Some Further Comments – A Commentary on Wallace TC. Combating COVID-19 and Building Immune Resilience: A Potential Role for Magnesium Nutrition? J Am Coll Nutr. 2020;1–9. doi:10.1080/07315724.2020.1785971. Cited in: PMID: 32649272

Micke

Vormann²,

Kisters

2020

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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The paper "Combating COVID-19 and Building Immune Resilience: A Potential Role for Magnesium Nutrition?" by TC Wallace, which was published in the Journal of the American College of Nutrition highlights the importance of adequate magnesium (Mg) supply in relation to COVID-19. Wallace notes that Mg deficiency is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. Furthermore, hypokalemia and a lack of active Vitamin D are consequences of a Mg deficit. In this way, Mg deficiency may exacerbate the course of COVID-19. Therefore, in patients with Covid-19 permanent monitoring of the Mg status and, if necessary, supplementation should be carried out. The possible importance of Mg in COVID-19 was only recently discussed also by Iotti et al. and the German Society for Magnesium Research e.V. Considering the meaningful connections between Mg and COVID-19 there are relevant research topics that should be addressed: Does Mg deficiency increase the risk of infection with COVID-19 or the risk of a severe course of the disease? Is there an increased prevalence of Mg deficiency in COVID-19 patients? Could Mg supplementation alleviate the course of the disease in COVID-19 or reduce complications? Does pharmacological induction of hypermagnesemia via intravenous Mg provide clinical benefits for COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit (for example with regard to lung function or thromboembolism)? ARTICLE HISTORY

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Magnesium sulfate for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Cited by 4 publications

References 56 publications

‘Magnesium’-the master cation-as a drug—possibilities and evidences

‘Magnesium’-the master cation-as a drug—possibilities and evidences

The possible correlation between magnesium deficiency and SARS-CoV-2 infection

Magnesium and COVID-19 – Some Further Comments – A Commentary on Wallace TC. Combating COVID-19 and Building Immune Resilience: A Potential Role for Magnesium Nutrition? J Am Coll Nutr. 2020;1–9. doi:10.1080/07315724.2020.1785971. Cited in: PMID: 32649272

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