Magnesium intake is inversely associated with risk of obesity in a 30-year prospective follow-up study among American young adults

Lu, Liping; Chen, Cheng; Yang, Kefeng; Zhu, Jie; Xun, Pengcheng; Shikany, James M.; He, Ka

doi:10.1007/s00394-020-02206-3

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…[27][28][29] Higher physical activity and Mg intake were associated with better glycemic control and lower BMI. 30,31 These published findings aligned with the causal models developed in the present investigation in which physical activity was associated with…”

Section: Discussion and Con Clus I Onsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Meta‐analyses of more than 20 investigations showed that increased Mg intake was associated with higher physical activity and lower HbA1c 27‐29 . Higher physical activity and Mg intake were associated with better glycemic control and lower BMI 30,31 . These published findings aligned with the causal models developed in the present investigation in which physical activity was associated with higher Mg intake, lower BMI and decreased HbA1c.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Magnesium dietary intake and physical activity in Type 2 diabetes by gender in White, African‐American and Mexican American: NHANES 2011‐2014

Datta

Little

et al. 2020

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

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Aims To analyse the causal relationships of nutrition intake and physical activity on haemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stratified by gender and ethnicity. Materials and Methods An historical cohort of patients with diagnosed T2DM (n = 2831) was extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011‐2014 public database, including but not limited to, measurements of physical activity, nutrition, body mass index (BMI) and HbA1c. Multivariate analyses and path analyses were employed to estimate the regression coefficients and path coefficients (ρ) of causal path models of physical activity and nutrition intake on HbA1c stratified by gender and three ethnicity groups (ie non‐Hispanic white, non‐Hispanic black and Mexican American). Results A significant causal path from increased physical activity to increased magnesium (Mg) intake to decreased HbA1c was found. In addition, increased physical activity significantly decreased BMI, which further decreased HbA1c. These results varied by gender and ethnicity but were directionally consistent. Physical activity decreased HbA1c through BMI for males and through Mg intake for females. Mexican American decreased HbA1c through Mg intake, while non‐Hispanic black had an increased HbA1c due to its ethnicity and through increased BMI. Conclusions The beneficial effects of physical activity on decreased HbA1c were mediated through the increased Mg intake and decreased BMI. This aligned with recent investigations of the inverse causal association of Mg intake with insulin resistance and with decreased inflammation.

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Section: Discussion and Con Clus I Onsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Magnesium dietary intake and physical activity in Type 2 diabetes by gender in White, African‐American and Mexican American: NHANES 2011‐2014

Datta

Little

et al. 2020

Endocrino Diabet & Metabol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Among those observational studies, much research has been undertaken on whether there exists a relationship between magnesium contribution through dietary food and different cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases [38]. Thus, some studies have reported inverse associations between dietary magnesium intake and body mass index (BMI) or obesity [39,40], blood pressure [40,41], total cholesterol/LDL-cholesterol concentrations [42], and fasting glucose or type-2 diabetes [41,43,44], but the overall consistency for some of these factors is still low. Regarding the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, some studies have reported that high magnesium intake is associated with a lower risk of stroke, heart failure and total cardiovascular events [45,46], but less agreement has been observed for other cardiovascular events [38,47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

et al. 2020

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Several studies have shown that a low magnesium (Mg) intake in the diet is associated with greater cardiovascular risk and greater risk of diabetes. However, the results are not consistent in all populations. To minimize the biases derived from diet measurement, more objective biomarkers of magnesium status have been proposed. Although there is still no ideal biomarker for Mg, several studies have shown that plasma Mg concentrations could be a relatively acceptable biomarker for cardiovascular risk assessment. However, further studies are required to better characterize this marker in different populations. Our aim was to analyze the association between plasma Mg concentrations (measured through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)) methods, and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals from a general Mediterranean population (aged 18–80 years). The influence of demographic and lifestyle variables, including adherence to the Mediterranean diet, on plasma Mg concentrations was analyzed. The mean Mg level of the population studied was 0.77 ± 0.08 mmol/L, the prevalence of hypomagnesemia (<0.70 mmol/L) being 18.6%. We did not find any statistically significant differences between plasma Mg concentrations and sex, age, tobacco smoking and total adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p > 0.05). We found a statistically significant association between plasma Mg concentrations and the prevalence of type-2 diabetes (0.77 ± 0.08 mmol/L in non-diabetics versus 0.73 ± 0.13 mmol/L in diabetics; p = 0.009). Despite the low prevalence of type-2 diabetes in this population (11.24% in subjects with hypomagnesemia versus 3.91%, in normomagnesemia; p = 0.005), hypomagnesemia was associated with greater odds of being diabetic in comparison with normomagnesemia (OR = 3.36; p = 0.016, even after adjustment for sex, age, obesity, and medications). On the other hand, no statistically significant association of plasma Mg concentrations with obesity, hypertension, fasting triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol or uric acid was found. However, in contrast to what was initially expected, a statistically significant association was found between plasma Mg concentrations (basically in the highest quartile) and greater total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results contribute to increasing the evidence gathered by numerous studies on the inverse association between hypomagnesemia and type-2 diabetes, as well as to the observation, previously reported in some studies, of a direct association with hypercholesterolemia. This paradoxical link should be deeply investigated in further studies.

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“…However, the Coronary Artery Risk Development study in 5115 American young adults, aged 18-30 years, after 30-year follow-up found that Mg intake was negatively associated with incidence of obesity. According to this follow-up, intakes of foods rich in Mg, including whole grains, nuts and seeds, legumes, and dark-green vegetables, can decrease obesity risk (76) . In the present study, we found that Mg supplementation intake has a negative association with WC, which supports this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effect of magnesium supplementation on anthropometric indices: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of clinical trials

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study is to determine the determine effects of magnesium supplementation on anthropometric indices Consist of body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%). In this systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar from databases inception up February 2020 for relevant randomized controlled trials. Quality of evidence was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool. All of outcome in this meta-analysis were pooled using Random Effect Model. Analysis of dose–response for magnesium dosage was carried out using a fractional polynomial model. The systematic review and metal analysis include Twenty-eight RCTs, comprising 2013 participants. There were no significant changes in anthropometric indices after magnesium supplementation in the overall analysis. However, subgroup analysis revealed that magnesium supplementation decreases WC in subjects with BMI> 30 (obese) [12 trials, n = 997 participants; weighted mean difference (WMD) = −2.09 cm, 95% CI: −4.12 to −0.07, p =0.040; I2 = 0%]. Dose–response analysis revealed a non-significant nonlinear effect of supplementation dosage on anthropometric indices. The results suggest that magnesium supplementation is associated with lower WC only in obese subjects. However, more high-quality studies are needed to clarify the nature of this association.

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Magnesium intake is inversely associated with risk of obesity in a 30-year prospective follow-up study among American young adults

Cited by 35 publications

References 47 publications

Magnesium dietary intake and physical activity in Type 2 diabetes by gender in White, African‐American and Mexican American: NHANES 2011‐2014

Magnesium dietary intake and physical activity in Type 2 diabetes by gender in White, African‐American and Mexican American: NHANES 2011‐2014

Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

The effect of magnesium supplementation on anthropometric indices: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of clinical trials

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