Magnesium in the murine artery: Probing the products of corrosion

Bowen, Patrick K.; Drelich, Jaroslaw; Goldman, Jeremy

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2013.11.021

Cited by 97 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…7). The elemental distributions of degradation product layers consisted of two layers, a main outer layer composed of Ca, P and O and a very thin inner layer composed of Mg and O, as previously reported [38]. The Mg-rich and O-rich layers were composed of MgO and/or Mg(OH) 2 [39].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Ex vivo blood vessel bioreactor for analysis of the biodegradation of magnesium stent models with and without vessel wall integration

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

Acta Biomaterialia

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Current in vitro models fail in predicting the degradation rate and mode of magnesium (Mg) stents in vivo. To overcome this, the microenvironment of the stent is simulated here in an ex vivo bioreactor with porcine aorta and circulating medium, and compared with standard static in vitro immersion and with in vivo rat aorta models. In ex vivo and in vivo conditions, pure Mg wires were exposed to the aortic lumen and inserted into the aortic wall to mimic early- and long-term implantation, respectively. Results showed that: 1) Degradation rates of Mg were similar for all the fluid diffusion conditions (in vitro static, aortic wall ex vivo and in vivo); however, Mg degradation under flow condition (i.e. in the lumen) in vivo was slower than ex vivo; 2) The corrosion mode in the samples can be mainly described as localized (in vitro), mixed localized and uniform (ex vivo), and uniform (in vivo); 3) Abundant degradation products (MgO/Mg(OH)2 and Ca/P) with gas bubbles accumulated around the localized degradation regions ex vivo, but a uniform and thin degradation product layer was found in vivo. It is concluded that the ex vivo vascular bioreactor provides an improved test setting for magnesium degradation between static immersion and animal experiments and highlights its promising role in bridging degradation behavior and biological response for vascular stent research.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 60%

Ex vivo blood vessel bioreactor for analysis of the biodegradation of magnesium stent models with and without vessel wall integration

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

Acta Biomaterialia

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“…For larger animal studies sheep [122] and pigs [123] have been used previously, with dogs and goats also established in the field [119]. In cardiovascular applications rats are also used as a small animal model [124][125][126], with pigs generally favoured once large animal trials are required [127].…”

Section: Consideration For Selecting An Appropriate In Vivo Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building towards a standardised approach to biocorrosion studies: a review of factors influencing Mg corrosion in vitro pertinent to in vivo corrosion

2017

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The factors that influence magnesium (Mg) corrosion in vitro are systematically evaluated from a review of the relevant literature. We analysed the influence of the following factors on Mg biocorrosion in vitro: (i) inorganic ions, including both anions and cations, (ii) organic components such as proteins, amino acids and vitamins, and (iii) experimental parameters such as temperature, pH, buffer system and flow rate. Considerations and recommendations towards a standardised approach to in vitro biocorrosion testing are given. Several potential simulated body fluids are recommended. Implementing a standardised approach to experimental parameters has the potential to significantly reduce variability between in vitro biocorrosion tests, and to help build towards a methodology that accurately and consistently mimics in vivo corrosion. However, there are also knowledge gaps with regard to how best to characterise the in vivo environment and corrosion mechanism. The assumption that blood plasma is the correct bodily fluid upon which to base in vitro methodologies is examined, and factors that influence the corrosion mechanism in vivo, such as specimen encapsulation, bear consideration for further studies.

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“…[ 142 ] Magnesium wires can easily be introduced into e.g., arterial sections of small animals to explore biocompatibility and the corrosion performance of the material in vivo. [ 134,143,144 ] Although noting the outstanding biocompatibility of magnesium, these recent investigations have highlighted the accelerated corrosion rate of magnesium relative to what is generally required for medical implant applications.…”

Section: Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Mechanical deformation might extensively crack the coating due to mechanical mismatch between the layers, resulting in highly localized corrosion and stent fractures. Both in vitro [ 18,41,168,169 ] and in vivo [ 21,41,143 ] corrosion studies revealed the formation and release of magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ), and apatites containing magnesium (((Ca 1 − x Mg x ) 10 (PO 4 ) 6 OH 2 ) as the result of interaction of simulated body fl uid or body fl uid with magnesium. These ceramic degradation products can accumulate as a function of the local tissue's physiological mass transfer rate and therefore might have an impact on the tissue healing and/or remodelling process.…”

Section: Biodegradation Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Biodegradable Metals for Medical Sutures: A Critical Review

Seitz

Ďurišin

Goldman

et al. 2015

Adv Healthcare Materials

Self Cite

209

158

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Sutures that biodegrade and dissolve over a period of several weeks are in great demand to stitch wounds and surgical incisions. These new materials are receiving increased acceptance across surgical procedures whenever permanent sutures and long-term care are not needed. Unfortunately, both inflammatory responses and adverse local tissue reactions in the close-to-stitching environment are often reported for biodegradable polymeric sutures currently used by the medical community. While bioabsorbable metals are predominantly investigated and tested for vascular stent or osteosynthesis applications, they also appear to possess adequate bio-compatibility, mechanical properties, and corrosion stability to replace biodegradable polymeric sutures. In this Review, biodegradable alloys made of iron, magnesium, and zinc are critically evaluated as potential materials for the manufacturing of soft and hard tissue sutures. In the case of soft tissue closing and stitching, these metals have to compete against currently available degradable polymers. In the case of hard tissue closing and stitching, biodegradable sternal wires could replace the permanent sutures made of stainless steel or titanium alloys. This Review discusses the specific materials and degradation properties required by all suture materials, summarizes current suture testing protocols and provides a well-grounded direction for the potential future development of biodegradable metal based sutures.

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Magnesium in the murine artery: Probing the products of corrosion

Cited by 97 publications

References 40 publications

Ex vivo blood vessel bioreactor for analysis of the biodegradation of magnesium stent models with and without vessel wall integration

Ex vivo blood vessel bioreactor for analysis of the biodegradation of magnesium stent models with and without vessel wall integration

Building towards a standardised approach to biocorrosion studies: a review of factors influencing Mg corrosion in vitro pertinent to in vivo corrosion

Recent Advances in Biodegradable Metals for Medical Sutures: A Critical Review

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