Magnesium for treating sickle cell disease

Than, Nan Nitra; Soe, Htoo Htoo Kyaw; Palaniappan, Senthil K; Abas, Adinegara BL; Franceschi, Lucia De

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011358.pub3

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…When compared to the placebo, neither the IV Mg nor the oral Mg demonstrated a significant difference in improvement. The study is of moderate to low-quality evidence [ 10 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Non-genetic Therapies to Reduce the Incidence of Sickle Cell Crisis: A Systematic Review

Pingili,

Makkena,

Jaramillo

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Sickle cell anemia is a hemoglobinopathy that causes complications such as Vaso-Occlusive Crisis (VOC), stroke, priapism, Acute Chest Syndromes (ACS), and bone infarcts due to blood vessel occlusion, resulting in hypoxia, ischemia, and inflammation. Preventing these incidents improves the quality of life and lowers mortality rates in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) patients. This systematic review aims to describe the drugs, their mechanisms of action, dosages, changes in hemoglobin parameters, decrease in VOCs, delay the time for the next VOC, decrease in the length of hospital stay, and side effects associated with these drugs. This review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. For this review, we searched the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases and screened them for full free texts published in English and studied in humans in the last five years beginning in 2018. Randomized clinical trials (RCT), observational studies, meta-analyses, systemic reviews, and traditional reviews were all included in the search. According to the type of study, quality assessment tools are used, and eight papers are chosen. Full-text articles from these papers are studied, analyzed, and tabulated. We discussed seven interventions that are used to treat sickle cell disease. Voxelotor, crizanlizumab, L-glutamate, long-term blood transfusions, Zinc (Zn), Niprisan®, and Ciklavit* were found to reduce the number and severity of VOC. We discovered that VOCs containing L -glutamate reduced the length of hospitalization. Magnesium (Mg) did not affect the number and severity of VOCs. This review includes a few articles for the study. Future papers on this subject should include a large sample size and many papers. More clinical trials are required to evaluate the dosages and outcomes of using these drugs in combination to prevent VOCs.

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“…When compared to the placebo, neither the IV Mg nor the oral Mg demonstrated a significant difference in improvement. The study is of moderate to low-quality evidence [ 10 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Non-genetic Therapies to Reduce the Incidence of Sickle Cell Crisis: A Systematic Review

Pingili,

Makkena,

Jaramillo

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…To minimize these risks, adjunctive therapies have been deployed, including lidocaine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, and muscle relaxants. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Peripheral and central nerve blockade provides optimal analgesia for acute and chronic pain. Within the pediatric population, regional Abbreviations: ACS, acute chest syndrome; ASH, American Society of Hematology; AVN, avascular necrosis; CPNB, continuous peripheral nerve block; RA, regional anesthesia; SCD, sickle cell disease; VOC, vaso-occlusive crisis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the opioid‐related side effects of sedation and respiratory depression can precipitate hypoxemia and atelectasis, worsening the underlying SCD pathophysiology. To minimize these risks, adjunctive therapies have been deployed, including lidocaine, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatories, and muscle relaxants 3–8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional anesthesia for sickle cell disease vaso‐occlusive crisis: A single‐center case series

Karsenty

Tubman

Liu

et al. 2022

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Pain management is challenging for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) who present in vaso‐occlusive crisis (VOC). Opioid therapy is highly effective, nevertheless undesirable side effects can hinder their effectiveness. Regional anesthesia with deposition of perineural anesthetic offers nociceptive blockade, local vasodilatation, and reduces the inflammatory response. Among pediatric patients, continuous peripheral nerve block (CPNB) for perioperative adjunctive analgesia is safe. Herein, we describe the trajectory of a cohort of pediatric SCD patients with opioid‐refractory upper‐extremity VOC following placement of CPNBs for analgesia; highlighting reduced opioid consumption, improved pain scores, and decreased length of hospitalization.

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