Magnesium Depletion in the Rhesus Monkey: Induction of Magnesium-Dependent Hypocalcaemia

Dünn, Michael J.

doi:10.1042/cs0410333

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the study of MacManus, Heaton,and Lucas (17), bone of magnesium-depleted rats was reported to show diminished responsiveness to PTE in vivo and in vitro, but the significance of the findings is open to question because the increase of plasma calcium in response to PTE in the control rats was unusually small and because the use of nonfetal bone shafts in the in vitro experiment does not provide optimal conditions for action of parathyroid hormone. In puppies (6) and monkeys (18), quantitative comparisons indicated that the calcemic responses of magnesium-depleted animals were equal to those of magnesium-supplemented controls. In the human, hypomagnesemic adults with chronic alcoholism or steatorrhea were refractory to the calcemic action of PTE (19)(20)(21)(22); response to the phosphoraturic action of PTE was variable (no response [19,20], partial response [21] or full response [22]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Hypocalcemia in Primary Hypomagnesemia: Normal End-Organ Responsiveness to Parathyroid Hormone, Impaired Parathyroid Gland Function

Suh¹,

Tashjian²,

Matsuo³

et al. 1973

J. Clin. Invest.

200

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Hypocalcemia in Primary Hypomagnesemia: Normal End-Organ Responsiveness to Parathyroid Hormone, Impaired Parathyroid Gland Function

Suh¹,

Tashjian²,

Matsuo³

et al. 1973

J. Clin. Invest.

200

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“…Previous reports have shown that complete or partial resistance to the skeletal action of PTH may occur during magnesium depletion in various species, including the rat (1), human (11)(12)(13)(14) and dog (8). Others have found normal action of PTH and have concluded that the hypocalcemia could not be due to abnormal skeletal response to the hormone (2,7,9). Careful evaluation of these reports suggests that such discrepant results may be related to the degree of magnesium depletion (1,13).…”

Section: Studies On Mechanisms Of Hypocalcemia Of Magnesium Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypocalcemia has been reported to be associated with magnesium depletion in a number of species, including rats fed a low calcium diet (1,2), sheep (3), pigs (4), calves (5,6), dogs (7,8), monkeys (9), and man (10)(11)(12)(13)(14). The factors underlying the hypocalcemia have not been clearly delineated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tonin release, as a possible cause of hypocalcemia, is also remote. Elevated levels of magnesium may stimulate the release of calcitonin in the rat (37); moreover, thyroidectomy has failed to alter the hypocalcemia seen with magnesium depletion (7,9).…”

Section: Studies On Mechanisms Of Hypocalcemia Of Magnesium Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). In the group receiving no added magnesium, most birds lost weight during the first week and all died by [8][9][10] days. Serum magnesium decreased to 0.65+0.05 mg/100 ml by 7-8 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on Mechanisms of Hypocalcemia of Magnesium Depletion

Reddy¹,

Coburn²,

Hartenbower³

et al. 1973

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Studies were carried out to evaluate the mechanism of hypocalcemia in magnesium depletion. Day old chicks fed a magnesium deficient diet developed marked hypocalcemia, with a direct relation between serum calcium (y) and magnesium (x): y = 2.68 x + 4.24, r = 0.84 (both in mg/100 ml). Injections of parathyroid extract that increased serum calcium 2-3 mg/100 ml in normals had no effect in Mg-depleted birds. Very large dietary supplements of calcium or vitamin D3 increased mean serum calcium only from 5.3 to 7.7 and 7.8 mg/100 ml, respectively, while a normal magnesium diet for 3 days increased calcium from 5.3 to 9.9 mg/100 ml despite absence of dietary calcium. Intestinal calcium transport, studied in vitro, and the calcium concentration of the carcass was significantly increased in magnesium-depleted chicks, making it unlikely that reduced intestinal absorption of calcium caused the hypocalcemia. In magnesium-deficient chicks, the bone content of magnesium was decreased by 74%, the calcium content was unchanged, and the cortical thickness of bone was markedly increased. After 3 days of magnesium-repletion, cortical thickness was reduced with increased endosteal resorption. There INTRODUCTIONHypocalcemia has been reported to be associated with magnesium depletion in a number of species, including rats fed a low calcium diet (1, 2), sheep (3), pigs (4), calves (5, 6), dogs (7,8), monkeys (9), and man (10)(11)(12)(13)(14) In the present study, a model of experimental magnesium depletion in the chick is described, and various factors which might be involved in the development of hypocalcemia were evaluated. METHODS White leghorn cockerels obtained 1 day after hatching (through courtesy of H & N Hatchery, Inc., Riverside, Calif.) were housed in electric brooders. Chicks were chosen as experimental models because their diet can be controlled immediately after hatching, permitting the rapid development of magnesium depletion. In addition, chickens are known to be sensitive to parathyroid extract (15), thus providing a suitable model to evaluate responsiveness to the hormone. Furthermore, considerable information is available concerning calcium homeostasis in this species.They received a synthetic diet, modified from that of Fox and Briggs (16), and distilled water ad libitum. The diet, as originally described, contained 0.060% magnesium, an amount considered the optimal quantity needed by growing chicks (16,17). With deletion of supplemental magnesium and calcium salts, the basic diet was found by analysis to contain 0.004% magnesium and 0.005% calcium. In preparation of certain diets discussed below, magnesium sulfate was added providing 0.010, 0.020, or 0.060% magnesium.Unless noted otherwise, the diets were supplemented to contain 1.2% calcium, an amount higher than the 0.7-0.8% usually provided, 0.8% phosphorus, and 80 IU of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) /100 g.For purposes of establishing the appropriate dietary magnesium for studying magnesium depletion in the fowl, preliminary experiments were ...

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Hypomagnesemic hypocalcemia. Early serum calcium and late parathyroid hormone increase with magnesium therapy

Wiegmann¹,

Kaye²

1977

Archives of Internal Medicine

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Magnesium Depletion in the Rhesus Monkey: Induction of Magnesium-Dependent Hypocalcaemia

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Pathogenesis of Hypocalcemia in Primary Hypomagnesemia: Normal End-Organ Responsiveness to Parathyroid Hormone, Impaired Parathyroid Gland Function

Pathogenesis of Hypocalcemia in Primary Hypomagnesemia: Normal End-Organ Responsiveness to Parathyroid Hormone, Impaired Parathyroid Gland Function

Studies on Mechanisms of Hypocalcemia of Magnesium Depletion

Hypomagnesemic hypocalcemia. Early serum calcium and late parathyroid hormone increase with magnesium therapy

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