Magnesium Compounds

Seeger, Margarete; Otto, Walter; Flick, Wilhelm; Bickelhaupt, F.; Akkerman, Otto S.

doi:10.1002/14356007.a15_595

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Although varying from region to region, seawater contains an average Mg concentration of ∼1.29–1.35 g/L, , thus constituting a vast resource of magnesium. The concentrated brines or seawaters can be deborated through ion-exchange resins, and the sulfate concentrations can be reduced through the addition of CaCl 2 brines to precipitate CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O and yield a purified MgCl 2 -rich brine. , This is then reacted with slaked lime or dolime [Ca(OH) 2 or CaMg(OH) 4 , obtained by calcination followed by hydration of limestone or dolomite, respectively] to precipitate Mg(OH) 2 , according to the equations …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wet route can also occur through the pyrohydrolysis of magnesium chlorides in superheated steam up to 1000 °C. , A current commercial-scale example is the Aman spray roasting process, , dscribed by …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dead-burned MgO is typically used in the refractories industry to form linings and bricks, principally because of its high melting point. Caustic-calcined/light-burned MgO finds a range of applications in agriculture, the paper and pharmaceuticals industries, fire proofing, and many more. , The reactivity of MgO tends to decrease with increasing processing temperature, and MgO processed at the lower end of the light-burned range is also described, particularly within the cements community, as “reactive magnesia”; see section .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnesia-Based Cements: A Journey of 150 Years, and Cements for the Future?

2016

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This review examines the detailed chemical insights that have been generated through 150 years of work worldwide on magnesium-based inorganic cements, with a focus on both scientific and patent literature. Magnesium carbonate, phosphate, silicate-hydrate, and oxysalt (both chloride and sulfate) cements are all assessed. Many such cements are ideally suited to specialist applications in precast construction, road repair, and other fields including nuclear waste immobilization. The majority of MgO-based cements are more costly to produce than Portland cement because of the relatively high cost of reactive sources of MgO and do not have a sufficiently high internal pH to passivate mild steel reinforcing bars. This precludes MgO-based cements from providing a large-scale replacement for Portland cement in the production of steel-reinforced concretes for civil engineering applications, despite the potential for CO2 emissions reductions offered by some such systems. Nonetheless, in uses that do not require steel reinforcement, and in locations where the MgO can be sourced at a competitive price, a detailed understanding of these systems enables their specification, design, and selection as advanced engineering materials with a strongly defined chemical basis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnesia-Based Cements: A Journey of 150 Years, and Cements for the Future?

2016

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“…To overcome the drawbacks of alkaline-based precipitation techniques, high-temperature pyrolysis of bischofite has emerged as the most promising MgO conversion technology that may create reduced expenses in the near future. In the early 1960s, Dr. J. Aman from the Hebrew University began investigating the “Aman process,” using pyrolysis technology to convert bischofite into high-purity MgO. , The pyrolysis technology was pushed into the initial pilot phase by Dead Sea Periclase Ltd. in Israel in the 1980s, with the increase in KCl production . When the bischofite waste is exposed to pyrohydrolysis/spray roasting at temperatures between 800 and 1000 °C, it yields MgO particles, HCl gas, and H 2 O vapor .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exergy Analysis and Modeling of Pilot-Scale Pyrolysis for Magnesium Oxide Preparation from Salt Lake Bischofite Industrial Waste

Xu,

Dong,

Zhao

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Currently, the traditional magnesium oxide production process is facing exceptional challenges arising from carbon emission restrictions and environmental protection. Waste bischofite pyrolysis has attracted much attention as a promising technology to address these challenges. Nonetheless, this process has primarily been demonstrated on a laboratory scale, with limited studies on an industrial scale. A comprehensive exergy analysis was conducted for the entire process and individual subunits within the pyrolysis process to identify potential areas for process enhancement. A FORTRAN subroutine based on empirical correlations of pyrolysis product yields was developed considering the impact of decomposition reactions on the simulation. Furthermore, the optimization of energy and exergy efficiency of the system was discussed in terms of the carbon dioxide emission factor, equivalence ratio, and pyrolysis temperature. The results show that the primary energy bottleneck lies in the combustion phase. In addition, the optimal energy and exergy efficiency conditions are a carbon dioxide emission factor of 5.3, an equivalent ratio of 1.15, and a pyrolysis temperature of 1100 °C. In comparison to the pilot-scale conditions, the energy efficiency and exergy efficiency increase by 2.55 and 3.61%, respectively. At this time, the MgO yield is 100%, and the HCl concentration is above 9.33%.

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“…Other types of magnesium compounds are known as insoluble, such as magnesium borate, magnesium oxide, and magnesium phosphate. The salt group of magnesium is effective in the corrosive behavior of magnesium compounds [3]. Being insoluble in water makes magnesium borates production easier with developed technology, such as hybrid synthesis methods, the use of microwave and ultrasound technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Borates: The Relationship between the Characteristics, Properties, and Novel Technologies

Dumanli¹

2022

Current Trends in Magnesium (Mg) Research

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Magnesium borates are compounds including mainly magnesium (Mg), boron (B) oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H). Magnesium borates are traditionally famous for their strong thermoluminescence, mechanical and thermal features due to their high elasticity coefficient, corrosion, and heat resistance. Because of being beneficial, especially in the applications such as thermoluminescence and X-ray screening, and ease of synthesis, magnesium borates are produced by using different experimental procedures exhibiting different characteristics. Main traditional synthesis techniques can be classified as liquid state and solid-state synthesis methods. With the help of novelties in synthesis technology, new techniques are beginning to emerge in magnesium borate syntheses such as hybrid synthesis, ultrasound, microwave, and capping agent addition. The strengthened characteristics of the compounds would lead to new applications such as stomach cancer chemotherapy and wastewater treatment. In this chapter, it is aimed to make a comparison between the characteristics of synthesized magnesium borates and their properties. In addition, new types of magnesium borates obtained by various synthetic techniques are expected to be useful for industrial applications such as space technology, radiation dosimetry, X-ray screening, ion batteries, and hydrocarbon reaction catalysis. Such classification of properties and the synthesis techniques will enlighten the relationship between the characteristics and novel applications of magnesium borates.

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Magnesium Compounds

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Magnesia-Based Cements: A Journey of 150 Years, and Cements for the Future?

Magnesia-Based Cements: A Journey of 150 Years, and Cements for the Future?

Exergy Analysis and Modeling of Pilot-Scale Pyrolysis for Magnesium Oxide Preparation from Salt Lake Bischofite Industrial Waste

Magnesium Borates: The Relationship between the Characteristics, Properties, and Novel Technologies

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