Magnesium and pH imaging of the human brain at 3.0 Tesla

Barker, Peter B.; Butterworth, Edward J.; Boska, Michael D.; Nelson, Jay A.; Welch, K. M. A.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2594(199902)41:2<400::aid-mrm26>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Intracellular pH was calculated from the chemical shift of Pi using the following equation: pH ϭ 6.77 ϩ log͓͑␦ Ϫ 3.29͒/͑5.68 Ϫ ␦͔͒ where ␦ represents the chemical shift of the Pi peak (in ppm) relative to PCr. 22 All mice, including wild-type controls, received a liquid diet (Bio-Serv, Frenchtown, NJ) fortified with 10% creatine monohydrate (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) for 4 days before magnetic resonance studies.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

Noninvasive evaluation of liver repopulation by transplanted hepatocytes using31P MRS imaging in mice

et al. 2006

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Hepatocyte transplantation (HT) is being explored as a substitute for liver transplantation for the treatment of liver diseases. For the clinical application of HT, a preparative regimen that allows preferential proliferation of transplanted cells in the host liver and a noninvasive method to monitor donor cell engraftment, proliferation, and immune rejection would be useful. We describe an imaging method that employs the creatine kinase (CK) gene as a marker of donor hepatocytes. Creatine kinase is unique among marker genes, because it is normally expressed in brain and muscle tissues and is therefore not immunogenic. Preferential proliferation of transplanted CK-expressing hepatocytes was induced by preparative hepatic irradiation and expression of hepatocyte growth factor using a recombinant adenoviral vector. CK is normally not expressed in mouse liver and its expression by the donor cells led to the production of phosphocreatine in the host liver, permitting 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of liver repopulation by engrafted hepatocytes. In conclusion, this study combined a noninvasive imaging technique to assess donor hepatocyte proliferation with a preparative regimen of partial liver irradiation that allowed regional repopulation of the host liver. Our results provide groundwork for future development of clinical protocols for HT. (HEPATOLOGY 2006;44:1250-1258

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 92%

Noninvasive evaluation of liver repopulation by transplanted hepatocytes using31P MRS imaging in mice

et al. 2006

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“…HPO -δ ), tissue pH can be calculated as (92,93). Because of the low concentration of P i , it is important to acquire a high SNR spectrum for accurate pH quantification.…”

Section: P-mrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing tissue metabolism by phosphorous-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging: a methodology review

Liu

2017

Quant. Imaging Med. Surg.

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Many human diseases are caused by an imbalance between energy production and demand.Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide the unique opportunity for in vivo assessment of several fundamental events in tissue metabolism without the use of ionizing radiation. Of particular interest, phosphate metabolites that are involved in ATP generation and utilization can be quantified noninvasively by phosphorous-31 ( 31 P) MRS/MRI. Furthermore, 31 P magnetization transfer (MT) techniques allow in vivo measurement of metabolic fluxes via creatine kinase (CK) and ATP synthase. However, a major impediment for the clinical applications of 31 P-MRS/MRI is the prohibitively long acquisition time and/or the low spatial resolution that are necessary to achieve adequate signal-to-noise ratio. P-MRS/MRI techniques. Applications of these techniques to the investigation of a specific physiology/pathology will be discussed without detailed description. Interested readers are referred to recent review articles on the applications of 31 P-MRS/MRI in metabolic characterization of skeletal muscle (10-12), heart (13), brain (14), and liver (11), as well as in diseases such as cancer (15), heart failure (16), and obesity and diabetes (17,18). Historical perspectiveThe use of 31 P-MRS for metabolic investigations dates back to 1960. Cohn and Hughes were the first to obtain a high-resolution 31 P spectrum of a solution of ATP (19). In addition, they also observed a dependence of the chemical shifts of the phosphorus nuclei of ATP on the pH of the solution. In parallel to the early development of MRI methods by Lauterbur (20), the entire 1970s also witnessed the rapid advance of 31 P-MRS in metabolic investigation of a broad range of biological systems. In 1973, Moon and Richards performed the first 31 P-MRS study that measured intracellular pH in human red blood cells (21). In the following year, Henderson and colleagues obtained the first 31 P spectrum of ATP from human red blood cells (22). At the same time, the Oxford team led by Radda performed the first experiment to acquire 31 P spectra from an intact organ, i.e., the excised and superfused muscle of rat hindlimb (23). The first in vivo 31 P-MRS study was performed on mouse brain by Chance et al. (24). Within the short span of one decade, organelles including mitochondria (25,26) and chromaffin granules (27), cells including Escherichia coli (28), yeast (29), and hepatocytes (30), and organs including skeletal muscle (31,32), heart (33-35), brain (36), kidney (37), and liver (38,39) have all been studied using 31 P-MRS.It is worth noting that most of these organ studies were performed on excised organs to avoid the need for spatial localization. Although Lauterbur has demonstrated the feasibility of imaging water protons (20), it was considered impractical for 31 P imaging of living systems because of the low sensitivity and difficulties with spectral resolution.The 1980s began with the publication of two important studies that aimed a...

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“…A espectroscopia por ressonância magnética de fósforo ( 31 P-ERM) fornece informações sobre o estado bioenergético, composição de membranas, potencial hidrogeniônico (pH) e concentração intracelular de magnésio (Mg 2+ ) através da identificação das alterações do metabolismo de fosfato e fosfolipídios (Menuel et al, 2009 (Iotti et al, 1996, Barker et al, 1999, Iotti e Malucelli, 2008 (Kuzniecky et al, 1992, Hetherington et al, 2002, Pan et al, 2005, com correta lateralização em 70 a 73% (Chu et al, 1998). Em relação a outros metabólitos, aumento da concentração de Pi , Hugg et al, 1992, van der Grond et al, 1998 e redução de PME (Hugg et al, 1992, van der Grond et al, 1998 ipsilaterais ao foco epileptogênico foram também detectadas.…”

Section: Descriptorsunclassified

“…A modulação do pH influencia diferentes mecanismos homeostáticos nas células neurais e gliais (Chesler, 2003), Mg 2+ está ligado a grupos fosfatos do ATP e modula as constantes de equilíbrio da creatina quinase e ATP sintase (Barker et al, 1999). Além disso, ambos afetam a bomba sódio/potássio, presente na membrana celular, que regula os gradientes químicos e elétricos, cujo desequilíbrio está associado à ictogênese (Scharfman, 2007).…”

Section: Considerações Técnicasunclassified

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Avaliação de pacientes com esclerose mesial temporal pela espectroscopia de fósforo por ressonância magnética em aparelho 3T

Park¹

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Magnesium and pH imaging of the human brain at 3.0 Tesla

Cited by 50 publications

References 38 publications

Noninvasive evaluation of liver repopulation by transplanted hepatocytes using31P MRS imaging in mice

Noninvasive evaluation of liver repopulation by transplanted hepatocytes using31P MRS imaging in mice

Assessing tissue metabolism by phosphorous-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging: a methodology review

Avaliação de pacientes com esclerose mesial temporal pela espectroscopia de fósforo por ressonância magnética em aparelho 3T

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