Magnesium absorption in the human small intestine. Results in normal subjects, patients with chronic renal disease, and patients with absorptive hypercalciuria.

Brannan, Patrcia G.; Vergne-Marini, P.; Pak, Charles Y.C.; Hull, Alan R.; Fordtran, John S.

doi:10.1172/jci108410

Cited by 152 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Dietary Mg is mainly absorbed in the small intestine. The active form of vitamin D has been shown to stimulate intestinal Mg absorption [5], which may partly explain depressed Mg absorption reported in CKD patients with a deficiency in active vitamin D [29]. Schmulen et al previously showed that the administration of vitamin D receptor activators enhanced intestinal Mg absorption in CKD patients [30].…”

Section: Mg and Dialysis Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular disease, mortality, and magnesium in chronic kidney disease: growing interest in magnesium-related interventions

Ikee¹

2018

Ren Replace Ther

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Magnesium (Mg) is an essential element that plays pivotal roles in a number of biological processes in the human body. Hypomagnesemia is involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension, vascular calcification, and metabolic derangements including diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, which are all risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hypomagnesemia is also associated with the development and progression of CKD. As CKD advances, renal Mg excretion decreases and hypermagnesemia emerges in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In addition, dialysates with high Mg concentrations, which were used in the early era of dialysis therapy, increased the risk of hypermagnesemia, and thus, the dialysate Mg composition has since been reduced. Accordingly, dialysis patients in the modern era commonly have normomagnesemia or even hypomagnesemia. The relationships between hypomagnesemia and cardiovascular disease and mortality have been increasingly reported in observational studies in CKD/ESRD. However, these relationships may be attenuated by a patient's race or region. Although dialysates with higher Mg concentrations or Mg-containing phosphate binders appear to be promising in this setting, only a few interventional studies have examined the effects of Mg supplementation on cardiovascular lesions. Furthermore, the effects of Mg supplementation on mortality have not yet been investigated as a primary end-point in randomized controlled trials. Further studies are required in order to establish the efficacy and safety of Mg in CKD patients.

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Section: Mg and Dialysis Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular disease, mortality, and magnesium in chronic kidney disease: growing interest in magnesium-related interventions

Ikee¹

2018

Ren Replace Ther

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“…8,11 Mg 2ϩ absorption from the small bowel occurs predominately in a paracellular manner. 12,13 Given the appropriate driving force, significant paracellular absorption can also take place in the colon. 12 The kinetics of this movement are governed by active absorption of sodium (Na ϩ ) followed by water.…”

Section: Intestinal Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Determinants of Magnesium Homeostasis

Alexander¹,

Hoenderop²,

Bindels³

2008

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

136

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“…[3][4][5] Mg 2ϩ homeostasis involves the kidney, small bowel, and bone. In the gastrointestinal tract, Mg 2ϩ absorption occurs primarily in the jejunum and ileum by both a passive paracellular mechanism and an active transport process 8,9 ; however, most evidence suggests that Mg 2ϩ is absorbed mainly by ionic diffusion and "solvent drag" resulting from the bulk flow of water. At low intraluminal concentrations, Mg 2ϩ is absorbed primarily through the active cellular route and, with increasing concentrations, through the paracellular pathway.…”

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confidence: 99%