Magnesium absorption in chronic renal failure

Mountokalakis, T.; Virvidakis, C.E.; Singhellakis, P.N.; Alevizaki, C. C.; Ikkos, D.C.

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(81)90046-9

Cited by 23 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On the other hand, normal Mg levels have been noted in lymphocytes of hemodialysis patients, in spite of high serum Mg concentrations (41). In contrast to these findings, increased bone Mg content is a universal finding with this excess of Mg distributed in both the rapidly exchangeable and the nonexchangeable pools (4,33). Contiguglia et al.…”

Section: Serum and Tissue Magnesium In Chronic Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 78%

“…Studies assessing tissue Mg content in uremic patients have shown conflicting results. The concentration of Mg in different tissues, such as skeletal muscle, has been reported to be either low, normal, or elevated (33). On the other hand, normal Mg levels have been noted in lymphocytes of hemodialysis patients, in spite of high serum Mg concentrations (41).…”

Section: Serum and Tissue Magnesium In Chronicmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reviews: Clinical Implications of Disordered Magnesium Homeostasis in Chronic Renal Failure and Dialysis

Navarro‐González

Mora‐Fernández

García‐Pérez³

2009

Seminars in Dialysis

149

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnesium (Mg) is the fourth most abundant cation in the body, mainly located within bone and skeletal muscle. The normal total plasma Mg concentration varies in a narrow range, with approximately 60% present as free Mg ions, the biologically active form. The kidney plays a principal role in Mg balance. Approximately 70-80% of plasma Mg is ultrafilterable, and under normal circumstances, 95% of the filtered load of Mg is reabsorbed. As chronic renal failure (CRF) progresses, urinary Mg excretion may be insufficient to balance intestinal Mg absorption and dietary Mg intake becomes a major determinant of serum and total body Mg levels. Until severe reductions in glomerular filtration rate (<30 ml/min), serum Mg levels are usually normal; with lower rates of renal function, serum Mg is increased. Concerning dialysis patients, dialysate Mg plays a critical role in maintaining Mg homeostasis, with serum Mg being largely dependent on the concentration of the ion in the dialysis solution. Magnesium has been implicated in diverse consequences, both beneficial and deleterious, in patients with CRF and dialysis. Potential harmful effects of elevated Mg include altered nerve conduction velocity, increased pruritus, and alterations to osseous metabolism and parathyroid gland function (mineralization defects, contribution to osteomalacic renal osteodystrophy, and adynamic bone disease). Hypermagnesemia also may retard vascular calcification. Low Mg levels have been associated with impairment of myocardial contractility, intradialytic hemodynamic instability, and hypotension. In addition, low Mg has been also linked to carotid intima-media thickness, a marker of atherosclerotic vascular disease and a predictor of vascular events.

show abstract

Section: Serum and Tissue Magnesium In Chronic Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Serum and Tissue Magnesium In Chronicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews: Clinical Implications of Disordered Magnesium Homeostasis in Chronic Renal Failure and Dialysis

Navarro‐González

Mora‐Fernández

García‐Pérez³

2009

Seminars in Dialysis

149

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Normal concentrations of extracellular magnesium and calcium are crucial for normal neuromuscular activity. 3 In chronic hemodialysis patients, serum magnesium level may be increased (frequent, usually mild and asymptomatic), normal, or decreased. Parathyroid hormone increases serum magnesium by increasing its gastrointestinal absorption, bone resorption, and renal reabsorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intradialytic changes of serum magnesium and their relation to hypotensive episodes in hemodialysis patients on different dialysates

ElSharkawy

Youssef

Zayoon³

2006

Hemodialysis International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnesium is a crucial mineral, involved in many important physiological processes. Magnesium plays a role of maintaining myocardial electrical stability in hemodialysis patients. Intradialytic hypotension is a common complication of dialysis and it is more common with acetate dialysate. The significance of the intradialytic changes of magnesium and their relation to parathyroid hormone (PTH) level and calcium changes during dialysis, and their relation to hypotensive episodes during dialysis are interesting. The aim of this work is to investigate the intradialytic changes of serum magnesium in chronic hemodialysis patients with different hemodialysis modalities and the relation to other electrolytes and to PTH, and also the relation to intradialytic hypotension. The present study was conducted on 20 chronic renal failure patients. All patients were on regular hemodialysis thrice weekly 4 hr each using acetate dialysate (group I). To study the effect of an acetate-based dialysate vs. a bicarbonate-based dialysate on acute changes of magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, and PTH during a hemodialysis session, the same patients were shifted to bicarbonate dialysis (group II). All patients were subjected to full history and clinical examination, predialysis laboratory assessment of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, albumin, and hemoglobin, serial assessment of magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone at the start of the hemodialysis session, 2 hr later, and at the end of the session, blood pH, and electrocardiogram (ECG) presession and postsession. All patients were urged to fix their dry weight, diet, and current medications. None of the patients had diabetes, neoplasia, liver disease, or cachexia, nor had they been recently on magnesium-containing drugs or previously parathyroidectomized. Hemodialysis sessions were performed by volumetric dialysis machines using the same electrolyte composition. Magnesium level significantly increased in the bicarbonate group at the end of dialysis (0 hr: 2.73+/-0.87, 2 hr: 3.21+/-1.1, and at 4 hr: 5.73+/-1.45 mg/dL, p value <0.01), while it significantly decreased in the acetate group (0 hr: 3.00+/-0.58, 2 hr: 2.26+/-0.39, 4 hr: 1.97+/-0.33 mg/dL, p value <0.01). Calcium level significantly increased in the bicarbonate group (p=0.024) but not in the acetate group. Phosphorus level significantly decreased in both acetate and bicarbonate groups. PTH level did not significantly change in either group, p value > or =0.05. Blood pH significantly increased, changing from acidic to alkaline pH, with both modalities of hemodialysis. ECG showed no significant changes during sessions with either type of dialysate. Hypotension was significantly higher in group I compared with group II (p=0.01), and this hypotension was positively correlated with a decrease in serum magnesium level in group I. Intradialytic changes in serum magnesium have no correlation with intradialytic changes in serum calcium or with PTH level. However, it was significantly correlated with hypotension...

show abstract

“…This is probably due to decreased dietary intake combined with impaired intestinal absorption. Impaired absorption of Mg seems to be related to deficiencies of active metabolites of vitamin D by the nonfunctioning kidney [11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the fourth most abundant cation in the body [10]. Since renal excretion is the major route of elimination of Mg from the body, a positive Mg balance would be expected in patients with renal insufficiency [11]. However, the Mg balance may be normal or even decreased in uremic patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Serum Parathyroid Hormone and Trace Elements (Serum Zinc and Magnesium) in Hemodialyzed Chronic Renal Failure Children

Tayeb¹,

El-Mottaleb²,

Aziz³

2008

Biol Trace Elem Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Secondary hyperparathyroidism and trace elements' metabolism disturbances are common, important, and treatable complications of chronic renal failure (CRF).The relation between parathyroid hormone (PTH) and some trace elements in CRF patients on hemodialysis is still not completely elucidated. The aim of this work is to determine the serum levels of PTH and the trace elements zinc (Zn) and magnesium (Mg) in children with CRF under hemodialysis. The relation between PTH and those trace elements will be investigated. The study included 24 children (15 males and nine females) with CRF on regular hemodialysis. Also, 15 healthy age-matched children were included as control group. Serum levels of PTH, zinc, and magnesium were determined in all cases and controls. PTH and magnesium levels in patients were significantly higher than controls. Serum zinc levels were significantly lower than controls. There was a significant negative correlation between serum levels of PTH and zinc as well as an insignificant negative correlation between PTH and serum magnesium in CRF patients. Elevated PTH may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypozincemia. However, this is another negative report on the relation between PTH and serum Mg in children with CRF.

show abstract

Magnesium absorption in chronic renal failure

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

Reviews: Clinical Implications of Disordered Magnesium Homeostasis in Chronic Renal Failure and Dialysis

Reviews: Clinical Implications of Disordered Magnesium Homeostasis in Chronic Renal Failure and Dialysis

Intradialytic changes of serum magnesium and their relation to hypotensive episodes in hemodialysis patients on different dialysates

Relationship Between Serum Parathyroid Hormone and Trace Elements (Serum Zinc and Magnesium) in Hemodialyzed Chronic Renal Failure Children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About