Macular Pigment and Visual Performance Under Glare Conditions

Stringham, James M.; Hammond, Billy R.

doi:10.1097/opx.0b013e318162266e

Cited by 167 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…As discussed above, literature supports that the effects of MP screening of glare could be found as a function of target veiling luminance 17,21,39 . These effects were also found to be relative to MPOD and tended to be influenced by the spectral characteristics of the glare source.…”

Section: Photostress (Scotomatic) Glare:-mentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Kvansakul et al found that in addition to lower contrast acuity thresholds, intraocular scatter and root-mean-square (RMS) values showed a decreasing trend with lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation 28 . Results showed the degree of visual discomfort was significantly higher if the glare source contained short wavelength light compared to mid and long wavelength visible light 21,39 . Their results further identified that in subjects with higher levels of MPOD, a greater intensity of short wavelength light was required to produce an avoidance response.…”

Section: Photostress (Scotomatic) Glare:-mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Overview of Glare Types and Their Relationship With Macular Pigment Optical Density.

Putnam¹

2017

IJAR

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Section: Photostress (Scotomatic) Glare:-mentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Photostress (Scotomatic) Glare:-mentioning

confidence: 97%

Overview of Glare Types and Their Relationship With Macular Pigment Optical Density.

Putnam¹

2017

IJAR

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“…The mechanism for this beneit of the macular pigment appears to be related to the reduced photoreceptor exposure to short wavelength light in the foveal and parafoveal regions. Recovery time for the subject with the lowest macular pigment levels was twice as long as subjects with the highest macular pigment levels [22]. Moreover, supplementation with lutein and zeaxanthin signiicantly decreased photo-stress recovery time [20].…”

Section: Photo-stress Recoverymentioning

confidence: 93%

Leveraging Bioactives to Support Human Health through the Lifecycle: Scientific Evidence and Regulatory Considerations

Rai¹,

Rai²

2017

Functional Food - Improve Health Through Adequate Food

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The identiication of bioactive food components and understanding their role as adjunct therapeutic agents in disease management and prevention has become a signiicant area of research. Accumulating evidence suggests a link between certain bioactive food components and health outcomes, for example, lutein and zeaxanthin for visual performance and delaying age-related macular degeneration, probiotics for gastrointestinal outcomes related to irritable bowel syndrome or prebiotics for its potential programming of the microbiome in early life to inluence later life outcomes.. This rapidly developing science has triggered discussions to determine if public health recommendations can be made on bioactive foods. However, regulatory guidance is necessary to guide the development the science, it's consideration for public health policy and the communication thereof to both healthcare professionals and consumers. This chapter will focus on the clinical and basic science supporting a role for lutein and pre-and probiotics in modulating several aspects of human health, including the gut microbiome through the human lifecycle. Opportunities to translate the science to consumers in a meaningful and accurate way will also be highlighted along with the regulatory landscape to shape the testing, communication and commercialization of these bioactives.

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“…Although the aging process decreases scotopic and shortwave sensitivity, higher concentrations of macular carotenoids seem to preserve shortwave and scotopic function (111). The macular carotenoids are strongly related to improvements in glare disability and photo-stress recovery in a manner consistent with their spectral absorption and spatial profile (112). Lutein is present in many human tissues, such as the liver and serum, but it reaches maximum concentration in the retina of the eye, where its concentration is 500 times higher than that of other tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Age-Related Eye Disease 2 Study: Micronutrients in the Treatment of Macular Degeneration

Gorusupudi

Nelson

Bernstein

2017

Advances in Nutrition

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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of vision loss in the elderly. With an increasingly aged population worldwide, the need for the prevention of AMD is rising. Multiple studies investigating AMD with the use of animal models and cell culture have identified oxidative stress-related retinal damage as an important contributing factor. In general, diet is an excellent source of the antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals necessary for healthy living; moreover, the general public is often receptive to recommendations made by physicians and health care workers regarding diet and supplements as a means of empowering themselves to avoid common and worrisome ailments such as AMD, which has made epidemiologists and clinicians enthusiastic about dietary intervention studies. A wide variety of nutrients, such as minerals, vitamins, v-3 (n-3) fatty acids, and various carotenoids, have been associated with reducing the risk of AMD. Initial results from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) indicated that supplementation with antioxidants (b-carotene and vitamins C and E) and zinc was associated with a reduced risk of AMD progression. The AREDS2 follow-up study, designed to improve upon the earlier formulation, tested the addition of lutein, zeaxanthin, and v-3 fatty acids. In this review, we examine the science behind the nutritional factors included in these interventional studies and the reasons for considering their inclusion to lower the rate of AMD progression. Adv Nutr 2017;8:40-53.

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Macular Pigment and Visual Performance Under Glare Conditions

Cited by 167 publications

References 16 publications

Overview of Glare Types and Their Relationship With Macular Pigment Optical Density.

Overview of Glare Types and Their Relationship With Macular Pigment Optical Density.

Leveraging Bioactives to Support Human Health through the Lifecycle: Scientific Evidence and Regulatory Considerations

The Age-Related Eye Disease 2 Study: Micronutrients in the Treatment of Macular Degeneration

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