Macular Findings in Highly Myopic Eyes Using OCT and its Correlation to Refractive State, Axial Length and Visual Acuity

Abstract

choroidal neovascular membrane (4%), partial posterior vitreous detachment (4%), macular scar (4%), combined (31%) and normal appearance (43%). CONCLUSIONS: This study concluded that the macula in highly myopic eyes may be normal without any pathologic findings in 43% of cases and it may have one or more pathologic findings in 57% of cases. There is no specific macular finding for a given refractive state or axial length. Macular scar and CNV are associated with the worst visual acuity. INTRODUCTIONMyopia is the most common eye disorder and the complications of high myopia are contributing factor to blindness [1,2] . Although myopia can be easily managed with an appropriate optical correction, it is a risk factor for a number of retinal pathologies and one of the major causes of visual dysfunction, especially in patients with high myopia [3] . Pathologic or high myopia is defined as a refractive error of -6.00 diopters (D) or greater and an axial length exceeding 26 mm [4] . Pathologic myopia is associated with progressive elongation of the globe, which may be accompanied by degenerative changes in the sclera, choroid, Bruch's membrane, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and neurosensory retina [5,6] . These findings consist of dehiscence of retinal layers known as retinoschisis, paravascular inner retinal cleavage, cysts and lamellar holes, peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation, tractional internal ABSTRACT AIM: To detect macular findings in subjects with high axial myopia using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and to correlate these findings with refractive state, axial length and visual acuity. METHODS: Observational case study involved 100 eyes of 60 subjects with high axial myopia. Spectral domain-OCT was used to examine all eyes and scans were performed on vertical planes. The presence or absence of macular abnormalities was reported. RESULTS: The findings in the studied 100 eyes were as follows: retinoschisis (6%), epiretinal membrane (6%), foveoschisis (2%),