Macroscopic Heterostructure Membrane of Graphene Oxide/Porous Graphene/Graphene Oxide for Selective Separation of Deuterium Water from Natural Water

Abstract

Deuterium water (D2O) is a strategic material that is widely used in and scientific research and has applications in fields such as nuclear energy generation. However, its content in natural water is extremely low. Therefore, the development of a room‐temperature technology for achieving simple, efficient, and low‐cost separation of D2O from natural water is challenging. In this study, porous graphene (PG) nanosheets with “crater‐like” pores are sandwiched between two layers of graphene oxide (GO) membranes to prepare a GO/PG/GO membrane with a macroscopic heterostructure, which can be used to separate D2O and H2O by pressure‐driven filtration. At 25 °C, the rejection rate of D2O is ≈97%, the selectivity of H2O/D2O is ≈35.2, and the excellent performance can be attributed to the difference of transmembrane resistance and flow state of H2O and D2O in the confinement state. In addition, the D2O concentration in natural water is successfully enriched from 0.013% to 0.059% using only one stage, and the membrane exhibits excellent structural and cycling stability. Therefore, this method does not require ultralow temperatures, high energy supplies, complex separation equipment, or the introduction of toxic chemicals. Thus, it can be directly applied to the large‐scale industrial production and removal of D2O.

Ternary Heterostructure Membranes with Two-Dimensional Tunable Channels for Highly Selective Ion Separation

“…Figure A,B shows the cross-sectional images of G/Z/M membranes with different ZA additions. Notably, these images show a distinct layered arrangement resembling a “book-like” structure . In addition, the membrane surface has a uniform texture, similar to that of the GO membrane, which appears relatively flat with no detectable presence of 3D nanoparticles (Figure S1A–C).…”

“…Notably, these images show a distinct layered arrangement resembling a "book-like" structure. 40 In addition, the membrane surface has a uniform texture, similar to that of the GO membrane, which appears relatively flat with no detectable presence of 3D nanoparticles (Figure S1A−C). Figure 1C,D shows the cross sections of G/ Z/M membranes with different Hmim additions, demonstrating a well-defined lamination.…”

Fluorescent Probes with Variable Intramolecular Charge Transfer: Constructing Closed-Circle Plots for Distinguishing D2O from H2O

“…Among a number of analysis techniques, fluorescence detection has the advantages of simple operation, high sensitivity, rapid response, strong distinguishability, and realizable chemical modification. − The design and synthesis of fluorescence probe molecules is the crucial part in fluorescence detection, which play an important role in life science, , chemistry, , and so on. Heavy water (D 2 O) is widely used in various fields, such as chemical analysis, spectral characterization, and atomic energy technology. , However, light water (H 2 O) is the most common and unpopular impurity in D 2 O, which leads to the pollution of D 2 O. It is always a challenging task to quickly detect and distinguish H 2 O from D 2 O because of the high chemical and physical similarities between them .…”

Liquid Metal‐Promoted Graphene Oxide Supramolecular Film for Self‐Healing Actuator with Multiple‐Stimuli Responses

“…Unfortunately, the increase in reduction degree of GO results in the loss of a significant number of oxygencontaining functional groups, which compromises its functionality, including healing properties and modifiability. [15] Gallium/indium (mass ratio 35 : 65), as a near-room-temperature liquid metal (LM) alloy, demonstrates good electrical conductivity, low melting points, and outstanding mechanical strength, which is usually applied in soft robot. [16] Furthermore, the superficial layer of gallium in the gallium/indium alloy readily transforms into an external oxide layer, Ga 2 O 3 .…”