Macroscopic Fat in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

Ranathunga, Damithri S; Cherpak, Lindsay; Schieda, Nicola; Flood, Trevor A.; McInnes, Matthew D. F.

doi:10.2214/ajr.19.21851

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…When using ultrasound, malignant lesions showed inhomogeneous echotexture with increasing size 3 . On other imaging like MRI or CT, ACCs often appear as large heterogeneous and locally aggressive adrenal masses 1 . Compared with adenomas, ACCs seem to be larger, heterogeneous, lobulated, and with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with adenomas, ACCs seem to be larger, heterogeneous, lobulated, and with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis 3 . In general, adenomas are often incidentally discovered, homogeneous, small, and nonaggressive lesions with stable growth 1 . Using MRI, ACCs appear heterogeneous because of hemorrhage and necrosis on both T1- and T2-weighted imaging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCC occurs in 3–8 cases per million patients per year. For ACC, 1–2 per million patients are newly diagnosed every year 1 2 3 . While PCC, which often remains undiagnosed, may cause dramatic and life-threatening crises 4 , ACC generally has a poor prognosis due to its high malignancy and the advanced disease state at which it is usually diagnosed 1 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For ACC, 1–2 per million patients are newly diagnosed every year 1 2 3 . While PCC, which often remains undiagnosed, may cause dramatic and life-threatening crises 4 , ACC generally has a poor prognosis due to its high malignancy and the advanced disease state at which it is usually diagnosed 1 5 . Both PCC and ACC are associated with various hereditary diseases 1 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pheochromocytoma and Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Morphological Characteristics in Endoscopic Ultrasound Imaging

Özkul

Kann

2021

Ultrasound Int Open

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Purpose Pheochromocytoma (PCC) and adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) are two rare endocrine diseases. Early diagnosis is crucial to significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. In this study, we used endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for high-resolution imaging to investigate the endosonographic morphology pattern of PCC and ACC. Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study included 58 PCC/ACC lesions diagnosed by EUS imaging at two tertiary care centers between 1997 and 2015. The following groups were defined by histology or by the presence of a pheochromocytoma-associated syndrome without histological proof: bPCC (benign PCC), mPCC (malignant PCC), and ACC. Results In our cohort, mPCC tended to be larger at the time of diagnosis (n=5; 39.9±41.9 mm) than bPCC (n=46; 27.3 ±20.8 mm, P=0.548). ACC lesions were significantly larger (n=7; 50.6±14.8 mm) than bPCC and mPCC (n=51; 28.5±23.3 mm, P=0.002). In EUS, bPCC and ACC lesions frequently appeared to have a round shape and nodular structure. bPCC and ACC tended to be more hyperechoic (P=0.112 and P=0.558, respectively) and heterogeneous (P=0.501 and P=0.098, respectively) than mPCC. Compared to PCC, ACC did not show high hyperperfusion (P=0.022). In contrast to adenoma, all tumor entities showed hypo-/anechoic areas within the tumor (P<0.05). Conclusion No significant differences in EUS morphology were found to reliably distinguish benign from malignant PCC and ACC lesions. However, EUS may be a reasonable alternative or complementary method to conventional imaging techniques for the early detection of these tumor entities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pheochromocytoma and Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Morphological Characteristics in Endoscopic Ultrasound Imaging

Özkul

Kann

2021

Ultrasound Int Open

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“…ACC, however, is frequently diagnosed in advanced stages: 18–26% of patients are in stages III and 21–46% in stage IV at presentation [ 6 ]. The respective five-year survival is 24–50% and 0–17% for stage III and IV patients, respectively [ 7 , 8 ]. Cortisol hypersecretion [ 9 ], complete surgical resection and proliferative activity, assessed by Ki67 expression [ 10 ] are additional independent prognostic parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adrenocortical Carcinoma and CT Assessment of Therapy Response: The Value of Combining Multiple Criteria

Ambrosini

Balli

Laganà

et al. 2020

Cancers

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We evaluated tumor response at Computed Tomography (CT) according to three radiologic criteria: RECIST 1.1, CHOI and tumor volume in 34 patients with metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) submitted to standard chemotherapy. These three criteria agreed in defining partial response, stable or progressive disease in 24 patients (70.5%). Partial response (PR) was observed in 29.4%, 29.4% and 41.2% of patients according to RECIST 1.1, CHOI and tumor volume, respectively. It was associated with a favorable prognosis, regardless of the criterion adopted. The concordance of all the 3 criteria in defining the disease response identified 8 patients (23.5%) which displayed a very good prognosis: median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) 14.9 and 37.7 months, respectively. Seven patients (20.6%) with PR assessed by one or two criteria, however, still had a better prognosis than non-responding patients, both in terms of PFS: median 12.3 versus 9.9 months and OS: 21 versus 12.2, respectively. In conclusions, the CT assessment of disease response of ACC patients to chemotherapy with 3 different criteria is feasible and allows the identification of a patient subset with a more favorable outcome. PR with at least one criterion can be useful to early identify patients that deserve continuing the therapy.

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Differentiation between heterogeneous adrenal adenoma and non-adenoma adrenal lesion with CT and MRI

Lanoix¹,

Djelouah²,

Chocardelle³

et al. 2022

Abdom Radiol

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Macroscopic Fat in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Pheochromocytoma and Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Morphological Characteristics in Endoscopic Ultrasound Imaging

Pheochromocytoma and Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Morphological Characteristics in Endoscopic Ultrasound Imaging

Adrenocortical Carcinoma and CT Assessment of Therapy Response: The Value of Combining Multiple Criteria

Differentiation between heterogeneous adrenal adenoma and non-adenoma adrenal lesion with CT and MRI

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