Macrophage Polarization: Learning to Manage It

Lampiasi, Nadia

doi:10.3390/ijms23137208

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Polarization is not fixed and can be altered by multiple signals, such as those from microbes, damaged tissues, and the normal tissue environment. 8 During wound healing in vivo , macrophages are polarized toward proinflammatory M1 phenotype during the early phase, which induces secretion of interleukins IL-12 and IL-23, and is capable of presenting antigens to inhibit cell proliferation and cause tissue damage. Macrophages then are polarized into the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype in the later healing phase, assisting inflammatory resolution and wound healing by producing mediators such as angiogenic TGF-β and VEGF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals the key genes associated with macrophage polarization in liver cancer

Ding,

Deng,

2023

Hepatology Communications

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Background: The aim of this study was to reveal the key genes associated with macrophage polarization in liver cancer. Methods: Data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas databases (TCGA). R package Seurat 4.0 was used to preprocess the downloaded single-cell sequencing data, principal component analysis, and clustering. R package SingleR was used to annotate cell types and calculate macrophage polarization scores. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to obtain key genes highly correlated with macrophage polarization in liver cancer. The Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource algorithm was used to analyze the correlation between genes and the infiltration level of macrophages. Finally, the prognostic model was constructed based on 6 macrophage polarization-related genes by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves and receiver operating characteristic curves validated the prognostic value of the prognostic model. Results: Two thousand highly variable genes were obtained after the normalization of single-cell profiles. In all, 16 principal components and 15 cell clusters were obtained. Monocytes and macrophages were the main immune cells in the microenvironment of liver cancer tissues. Macrophage polarization scores showed that cluster 5 had the highest degree of polarization. Spearman analysis yielded that a total of 6 key genes associated with macrophage polarization (CD53, TGFBI, S100A4, pyruvate kinase M, LSP1, SPP1), and Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource analysis showed that 6 key genes were significantly positively correlated with macrophage infiltration levels. The model constructed by 6 key genes could effectively evaluate the prognosis of patients with liver cancer. Conclusions: The key genes associated with macrophage polarization, namely CD53, TGFBI, S100A4, pyruvate kinase M, LSP1, and SPP1, may be potential therapeutic targets for liver cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals the key genes associated with macrophage polarization in liver cancer

Ding,

Deng,

2023

Hepatology Communications

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Shaping the immune landscape: Multidimensional environmental stimuli refine macrophage polarization and foster revolutionary approaches in tissue regeneration

Xue,

Gao,

Tang

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Yeast β-glucan modulates macrophages and improves antitumor NK-cell responses in cancer

Zhu

Bai

et al. 2023

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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As the largest proportion of myeloid immune cells in tumors, macrophages play an important role in tumor growth and regression according to their different phenotypes, thus reprogramming macrophages has become a new research direction for cancer immunotherapy. Yeast-derived whole β-glucan particles (WGPs) can induce M0 macrophages to differentiate into M1 macrophages and convert M2 macrophages and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) into M1 macrophages. In vitro, studies have confirmed that WGP-treated macrophages increase the activating receptors in natural killer cells (NK cells) and enhance the cytotoxicity of NK cells. The extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signaling pathway is involved in WGP-mediated regulation of the macrophage phenotype. Further in vivo studies show that oral WGP can significantly delay tumor growth, which is related to the increased proportion of macrophages and NK cells, the macrophage phenotype reversal and the enhancement of NK cell immune function. NK cell depletion reduces the therapeutic efficacy of WGP in tumor-bearing mice. These findings revealed that in addition to T cells, NK cells also participate in the antitumor process of WGP. It was confirmed that WGP regulates the macrophage phenotype to regulate NK cell function.

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Macrophage Polarization: Learning to Manage It

Abstract: To date, four reviews and seven experimental articles have been published in this Special Issue [...]

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals the key genes associated with macrophage polarization in liver cancer

Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals the key genes associated with macrophage polarization in liver cancer

Shaping the immune landscape: Multidimensional environmental stimuli refine macrophage polarization and foster revolutionary approaches in tissue regeneration

Yeast β-glucan modulates macrophages and improves antitumor NK-cell responses in cancer

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