Macrophage polarization in inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

The growing prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has encouraged research efforts, which have contributed to gradual improvements in our understanding of IBD diagnosis and therapeutic approaches. The pathogenesis of IBD has not been fully elucidated; however, the combined actions of environmental, genetic, immune factors, and microbial organisms are believed to cause IBD. In the innate immune system, macrophages play important roles in maintaining intestinal health and in the development of IBD. Macrophages can be polarized from M0 into several phenotypes, among which M1 and M2 play critical roles in IBD development and the repair of intestinal homeostasis and damage. Certain macrophage-related IBD studies already exist; however, the functions of each phenotype have not been fully elucidated. As technology develops, understanding the link between macrophages and IBD has increased, including the growing knowledge of the developmental origins of intestinal macrophages and their performance of comprehensive functions. This review describes macrophage polarization in IBD from the perspectives of macrophage development and polarization, macrophage changes in homeostasis and IBD, metabolic changes, and the mechanisms of macrophage polarization in IBD. The discussion of these topics provides new insights into immunotherapy strategies for IBD.

The Anti-inflammatory Potential of a Strain of Probiotic Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum G7: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence

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FPR1, as a Potential Biomarker of Diagnosis and Infliximab Therapy Responses for Crohn’s Disease, is Related to Disease Activity, Inflammation and Macrophage Polarization

“… 8 Classically, the stepwise loss of balance in macrophage polarization initiates inflammation in this tissue, with the consequent tissue infiltration by M1 macrophages. 39 , 40 M1 macrophages recruit and activate of T cells, with further promote Th1 and Th17 immunity response, eventually exacerbate tissue damage. 7 , 41 In this study, the MacroSig was identified using advanced machine learning techniques, which holds promise for improving the diagnostic accuracy of CD.…”

Mechanism of Action of Melatonin as a Potential Adjuvant Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer

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