Macrophage migration inhibitory factor -173 G>C single nucleotide polymorphism and its association with active pulmonary tuberculosis

Abstract

The establishment of candidate genes associated with susceptibility to TB is a challenge especially due to divergent frequencies among different populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-173 G>C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and susceptibility to pulmonary TB in a population of southern Brazil. Methods Case-control study. Patients > 18 years old, diagnosed with pulmonary TB were included. The control group consisted of blood donors and household contacts, not relatives, healthy and > 18 years old. MIF-173 G>C SNPs were genotyped using real-time PCR using a Taq-Man SNP Genotyping assay. Results 174 patients and 166 controls were included. There were no statistically significant differences between cases and controls regarding genotype prevalence (p>0.05). Comparing patients with normal genotype (GG) with those with at least one C allele, there was also no statistically significant difference (p = 0.135). Also, there was no statistically significant difference comparing the homozygous for the mutation (CC) with the other patients (GG and CG) (p = 0.864).

Association of Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism (rs2228570, rs1544410, rs7975232, and rs731236) and Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor -173 G/C (rs755622) with the Susceptibility of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Makassar, Indonesia

“…Several studies have reported that the C allele of MIF -173 G/C (rs755622) was linked to TB in Colombia, South Africa, and the East China population [19], [20], [41], [42]. However, this study did not found an association between the genotype of MIF -173 G/C with the risk of pulmonary TB, and this result was similar to a study in the Brazilian population [18]. The diversity in different ethnicities or populations and diverse clinical features may contribute to the genotype distribution of VDR and MIF polymorphisms and different results explaining this correlation to TB.…”

“…Besides that, the data analysis regarding the haplotype is still limited [16]. Likewise, for the MIF -173 G/C SNP (rs755622), existing studies linking it to the risk of TB have shown varying results [18], [19], [20]. Thus, more studies are needed to confirm the association of these polymorphisms to TB risk.…”

Well-organized Granuloma Lymphadenitis Tuberculosis Expressed Lower Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Score Compared to the Poorly-organized Granuloma

“…(32,33) However, in a more recent study, found no association between MIF-173 G/C and susceptibility to TB. (34) In an in vitro study using human THP-1 macrophages (cells used as a model for human monocytes), MIF was released rapidly from human macrophages once stimulated by mycobacteria and was fairly stable within 1 hour and then increased after four and six hours, as well as with MIF transcription also upregulated. (15) This result indicated that in acute mycobacterial infection the MIF will predominant to reduce the infection process.…”