Periodontitis is a destructive bacterial biofilm-induced chronic inflammatory disease. 1,2 Its hallmark is the destruction of the periodontium, including soft (periodontal ligament and gingiva) and hard (alveolar bone and cementum) tissues, potentially leading to tooth loss if not adequately treated in a timely manner. 3,4 Periodontal pathogens are associated with periodontitis development and progression. 5,6 Periodontitis is associated with an aberrant immune response to oral biofilms, with multiple risk factors contributing to its severity, including genetic predisposition, environmental factors (e.g., smoking) and systemic factors (e.g., diabetes), lifestyle and the oral microbiome. 7