Macrophage functions in lean and obese adipose tissue

Thomas, Dylan D.

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2017.04.005

Cited by 218 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 258 publications

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“…69 Other effects on the immune response include decreased phagocytic activity and impaired antigen presentation. 67 Study findings also show that obesity increases susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections, and recent meta-analyses consistently support an epidemiological association between obesity and periodontitis, suggesting a 50% to 80% higher likelihood of periodontitis in individuals who are obese compared with individuals who are not. 70,71 It has been estimated in longitudinal follow-up studies that individuals who are obese have a 35% increased risk of developing periodontitis compared with normal-weight individuals, 72…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitus (Dm) and Chronic Hyperglycemiasupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Studies show that cross‐talk between T cells and adipose tissue shapes the inflammatory environment in obesity‐associated metabolic diseases . Likewise, obesity‐induced changes to macrophages and adipocytes may lead to chronic inflammation and insulin resistance . Adipose tissue dysfunction has been associated with an increased number of M1 macrophages, B cells, regulatory B cells, T helper (Th) 1 cells, Th17 cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and mast cells .…”

Section: Systemic Disorders That Have a Major Impact On The Loss Of Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cells release myriad proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and have been shown to recirculate between adipose tissue, liver, spleen, and blood, contributing to systemic inflammation . Other effects on the immune response include decreased phagocytic activity and impaired antigen presentation …”

Section: Systemic Disorders That Have a Major Impact On The Loss Of Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…66 Likewise, obesity-induced changes to macrophages and adipocytes may lead to chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. 67 Adipose tissue dysfunction has been associated with an increased number of M1 macrophages, B cells, regulatory B cells, T helper (Th) 1 cells, Th17 cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and mast cells. 68 These cells release myriad proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and have been shown to recirculate between adipose tissue, liver, spleen, and blood, contributing to systemic inflammation.…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitus (Dm) and Chronic Hyperglycemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manifestations of systemic diseases and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations

Albandar

Susin

Hughes

2018

J Clinic Periodontology

120

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This review identifies systemic diseases and conditions that can affect the periodontal attachment apparatus and cause loss of periodontal supporting tissues and, where possible, presents case definitions for these. Many of these diseases are associated with a profound loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone, and for some of these disorders the periodontal manifestations may be among the first signs of the disease. These case definitions may be useful in the early diagnosis of these diseases and may contribute to an improvement in the management of periodontal manifestations and improve the quality of life for these patients.

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Section: Diabetes Mellitus (Dm) and Chronic Hyperglycemiasupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Systemic Disorders That Have a Major Impact On The Loss Of Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systemic Disorders That Have a Major Impact On The Loss Of Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diabetes Mellitus (Dm) and Chronic Hyperglycemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Manifestations of systemic diseases and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations

Albandar

Susin

Hughes

2018

J Clinic Periodontology

120

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“…The M2-like phenotype of WAT macrophages is sustained through transcriptional activators such as PPARs, microRNAs such as miR-330-5p [69], adipose-derived stem cells [70], and cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 [32,[71][72][73][74]. Due to their proximity, M2-like macrophages are thought to interact with adipocytes, and may play roles in apoptotic clearance, angiogenesis, WAT development, antigen presentation, and inflammatory resolution [reviewed in [26,75]]. …”

Section: Counterpoint To the Proinflammatory Adipose Tissue Macrophagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of innate type 2 inflammation to adipose function

Bolus

Hasty

2019

Journal of Lipid Research

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A critical contributor to health consequences of the obesity epidemic is dysregulated adipose tissue (AT) homeostasis. While white, brown, and beige AT function are all altered in obesity-related disease, white AT is marked by progressive inflammation & adipocyte dysfunction and has been the focus of extensive "immunometabolism" research in the past decade. The exact triggering events initiating and sustaining AT inflammation are still under study, but it has been shown that reducing inflammation improves insulin action in AT. Scientific efforts continue seeking interventions to mitigate obesity-associated AT inflammation, and many groups are now determining how lean healthy AT homeostasis is maintained in order to leverage these mechanisms as therapeutic targets. Such studies have revealed an elaborate network of immune cells, cytokines, and other cellular mediators coordinate AT function. Recent studies elucidated the involvement of the innate immune system in AT homeostasis (e.g. beiging and insulin sensitivity), including M2-like macrophages, eosinophils, innate lymphoid type 2 cells, and several others. In this review, we summarize the existing literature on innate type 2 inflammation in AT; additionally we draw attention to areas of debate where seemingly conflicting data promises to yield more surprising and elegant biology as studies continue to dissect AT physiology. prospective analyses of nearly a million adults, showed that obesity can decrease a person's life span up to 10 years [7]. Thus, a better understanding of adipose tissue (AT), the organ that expands the most in size during obesity, should provide solutions to this health concern.When discussing AT, white adipose tissue (WAT) is most commonly considered; however, other types of AT, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige AT also exist.Adipocytes in WAT and BAT are generated from unique progenitors. WAT stores excess energy in the form of triglycerides. BAT can store small amounts of triglycerides; however, its primary role is to burn fatty acids to generate heat. Beige fat has brown-like properties but is transiently present in WAT depots (especially subcutaneous) upon beta-adrenergic stimulation. Regulation of all three of these fat depots is critically important for lipid and energy homeostasis.WAT consists of spatially distinct beds: visceral, omental, subcutaneous, perivascular, epicardial, and many others. These depots serve to cushion organs they BAT is localized primarily in subscapular regions in rodents, and was only discovered in adult humans in the past decade [10,11]. BAT has a characteristic brown appearance grossly, and is easily distinguished from WAT. This distinctive color is due to the presence of concentrated mitochondria within each brown adipocyte, accompanied by high iron concentrations required for activation of the electron transport chain during beta-oxidation. High expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) causes this beta-oxidation to result in generation of heat rather than ATP (thermogenesis), thus assistin...

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Biology of macrophage fate decision: Implication in inflammatory disorders

Yadav

Dwivedi

Tripathi

2022

Cell Biology International

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The activation of immune cells in response to stimuli present in their microenvironment is regulated by their metabolic profile. Unlike the signal transduction events, which overlap to a huge degree in diverse cellular processes, the metabolome of a cell reflects a more precise picture of cell physiology and function. Different factors governing the cellular metabolome include receptor signaling, macro and micronutrients, normoxic and hypoxic conditions, energy needs, and biomass demand. Macrophages have enormous plasticity and can perform diverse functions depending upon their phenotypic state. This review presents recent updates on the cellular metabolome and molecular patterns associated with M1 and M2 macrophages, also termed “classically activated macrophages” and “alternatively activated macrophages,” respectively. M1 macrophages are proinflammatory in nature and predominantly Th1‐specific immune responses induce their polarization. On the contrary, M2 macrophages are anti‐inflammatory in nature and primarily participate in Th2‐specific responses. Interestingly, the same macrophage cell can adapt to the M1 or M2 phenotype depending upon the clues from its microenvironment. We elaborate on the various tissue niche‐specific factors, which govern macrophage metabolism and heterogeneity. Furthermore, the current review provides an in‐depth account of deregulated macrophage metabolism associated with pathological disorders such as cancer, obesity, and atherosclerosis. We further highlight significant differences in various metabolic pathways governing the cellular bioenergetics and their impact on macrophage effector functions and associated disorders.

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Macrophage functions in lean and obese adipose tissue

Cited by 218 publications

References 258 publications

Manifestations of systemic diseases and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations

Manifestations of systemic diseases and conditions that affect the periodontal attachment apparatus: Case definitions and diagnostic considerations

Contributions of innate type 2 inflammation to adipose function

Biology of macrophage fate decision: Implication in inflammatory disorders

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