Macronutrients Not Micronutrients Are Associated With the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer

Tayyem, Reema; Ibrahim, Mohammed O; Abuhijleh, Haya; Alatrash, Razan M.; Al‐Jaberi, Tareq; Hushki, Ahmad; Albtoush, Yazan; Yacoub, Shirin; Allehdan, Sabika

doi:10.1097/mpa.0000000000002131

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…In other studies, dietary niacin intake was inversely associated with squamous cell cancer of the esophagus [ 60 , 61 ] and hepatocellular carcinoma [ 62 ]. In other studies, dietary niacin intake was positively associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [ 63 ], pancreas [ 64 ], and colorectal cancer [ 65 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Nicotinamide as Chemo-Preventive Agent in NMSCs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tosti,

Pepe,

Gnagnarella

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Background: Nicotinamide is the active form of vitamin B3 (niacin) obtained through endogenous synthesis, mainly through tryptophan metabolism and dietary supplements, fish, meats, grains, and dairy products. It participates in cellular energy metabolism and modulates multiple cellular survival and death pathways. Nicotinamide has been widely studied as a safe chemopreventive agent that reduces actinic keratosis (AKs) and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). Methods: We used the Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane databases to search the concepts “nicotinamide”, “chemoprevention”, and “skin cancer” up to August 2023. Three independent authors screened titles and abstracts for intervention and study design before searching full texts for eligibility criteria. The primary outcome was the impact of oral nicotinamide on the incidence of NMSC in high-risk patients. We also conducted a systematic search to identify relevant epidemiological studies published evaluating dietary niacin intake and the risk of NMSC. Results: Two hundred and twenty-five studies were reviewed, and four met the inclusion criteria. There was no association between NAM consumption and risk for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (rate ratio (RR) 0.81, 95% CI 0.48–1.37; I2 = 0%), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.50–1.55; I2 = 63%), and NMSC (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.61–1.12; I2 = 63%). Adverse events were rare and acceptable, allowing optimal compliance of patients to the treatment. We found only one article evaluating the association between niacin dietary intake and NMSC risk, supporting a potential beneficial role of niacin intake concerning SCC but not BCC or melanoma. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis shows, by pooling immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients, that there is insufficient evidence that oral nicotinamide therapy significantly reduces the number of keratinocyte cancers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Nicotinamide as Chemo-Preventive Agent in NMSCs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tosti,

Pepe,

Gnagnarella

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Evaluation of potential human health risks associated with Li and their relationship with Na, K, Mg, and Ca in Romania’s nationwide drinking water

Iordache,

Voica,

Roba

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundIncreasing lithium (Li) demand worldwide due to its properties and role in renewable energy will raise water reservoir pollution and side effects on human health. Divergent results regarding Li concentration in water and affective disorders are found in the literature, which is why regional reports are expected.ObjectiveThe present study evaluated the occurrence and human health risks resulting from oral exposure, respectively, and the relationship between alkali metals (Li, Na, and K) and minerals (Mg, Ca) in balanced purified water (bottled) and spring water.MethodsThe ICP-MS technique was used to measure a national database with 53 bottled and 42 spring water samples randomly selected. One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and HCA analysis were applied to assess the possible relationship between metals in water. The possible side effects of Li poisoning of water resources on human health have been evaluated using the Estimated Daily Intake Index (EDI) and Total Hazard Quotient (THQ).ResultsThe toxic metals (As, Hg, and Pb) were measured, and the results indicate values above the detection limit of 22.3% of samples in the case of lead but not exceeding the safety limits. Depending on the water sources, such as bottled and spring water, the Li concentration varied between 0.06–1,557 and 0.09–984% μg/L. We found a strong positive correlation between Li and Na and Mg, varying between bottled and spring waters (p% <%0.001). Li exceeded the limit set by the Health-Based Screening Level (HBSL) in 41.37 and 19% of bottled and spring water samples. The oral reference doses (p-RfDs) for the noncancer assessment of daily oral exposure effects for a human lifetime exceeded threshold values. The THQ index shows potential adverse health effects, requiring further investigations and remedial actions in 27.58% of approved bottled waters and 2.38% of spring waters.ConclusionWe can conclude that water is safe based on the Li concentration found in drinking water and supported by a gap in strict regulations regarding human Li ingestion. The present study can serve decision-makers and represent a starting database with metals of interest for further clinical studies. Decision-makers can also use it to find solutions for sustainable management of clean and safe drinking water.

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Adherence to a Cholesterol-Lowering Diet and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Case–Control Study

Di Maso,

Augustin,

Jenkins

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Background: Pancreatic cancer risk has been associated with increased serum cholesterol level, which is in turn partially influenced by diet. This study aimed at evaluating the association between pancreatic cancer risk and the adherence to a plant-based cholesterol-lowering diet. Methods: Data were derived from an Italian case–control study including 258 pancreatic cancer patients and 551 controls. The cholesterol-lowering diet score was based on seven components: high intakes of (i) non-cellulosic polysaccharides (a proxy of viscous fibers), (ii) monounsaturated fatty acids, (iii) legumes, and (iv) seeds/corn oils (a proxy of phytosterols); and low intakes of (v) saturated fatty acids, (vi) dietary cholesterol, and (vii) food with a high glycemic index. The score was calculated adding one point for each fulfilled component, thus ranging from zero (no adherence) to seven (complete adherence). The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated through the logistic regression model. Results: Scores 5–7 were associated with reduced cancer risk (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.18–0.52) compared to scores 0–2. Conclusions: Adherence to a plant-based cholesterol-lowering diet was associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer.

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Macronutrients Not Micronutrients Are Associated With the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

The Role of Nicotinamide as Chemo-Preventive Agent in NMSCs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Role of Nicotinamide as Chemo-Preventive Agent in NMSCs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Evaluation of potential human health risks associated with Li and their relationship with Na, K, Mg, and Ca in Romania’s nationwide drinking water

Adherence to a Cholesterol-Lowering Diet and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Case–Control Study

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