Macromolecular particles of polyglucose synthesized under histochemical conditions in the endothelial cells of rabbit blood vessels

Intranuclear Synthesis of Polyglucose Particles Under Histochemical Conditions in the Normal Rat

“…They are apparently different as regards their wide distribution, their size and their stainability with lead from endogenous glycogen particles in the cytoplasmic matrix as pointed out repeatedly (11,16,22,23,24). Furthermore, studies of newly formed glycogen particles under the electron microscope in skeletal muscle fibers (10, 11, 12 , 17, 22, 23), cardiac muscle fibers (14), endothelial cells of the blood capillary (25) and liver cells (16) have made it clear that the reaction causes the characteristic pattern of intracellular synthesis of particles depending on the kind of tissue cells as well as the enzyme activities in the tissue.…”

Macromolecular glycogen synthesis induced from enzyme histochemistry.

“…three times the diameter of glycogen particles. More recently, the diameter of the largest polysaccharide particles histochemically synthesized in endothelial cells has been found to attain 200-300 nm (35). The particles of the largest groups were shown to be rosette-like particles, which revealed an ultrafine structure of spherical branching bodies on negative film preparation.…”

“…Takeuchi and his associates (11,12,18,19,28,35,37,38,39,40,49) also applied electron microscopic techniques to observe polyglucose or polysaccharide synthesized by enzymes in tissue cells. Takeuchi and M. and H. Miyayama (1972) demonstrated that polyglucose particles synthesized by phosphorylase alone were amorphous or smaller in size than native glycogen particles, whereas polysaccharide particles synthesized under similar conditions by phosphorylase in conjunction with branching glycosyltransferase were generally larger in size than those of native glycogen.…”

Characteristics of Polyglucose Particles Newlysynthesized by the Phosphorylase-Branching Glycosyltransferase System in Various Tissue Cells Under Histochemical Conditions

“…In the liver, the newly synthesized polyglucose particles appeared as rosette-like spheroidal branching bodies similar to the endogenous glycogen particles, which were usually stained reddish purple with iodine (17,33) . In the heart muscle, monoparticulates or rosary-like strings of beads stained purple with iodine could be synthesized by enzyme activity (15,29). Monoparticulates of synthesized polyglucoses stained blue with iodine could be recognized in the rat retina (2) .…”

“…On the other hand, electron microscopic observation of polyglucose synthesized from glucose-l -phosphate by phosphorylase activity was first made by Sasaki and Takeuchi in human muscle fibers (18) . Since then, intracellular polyglucose synthesis has been studied in several kinds of tissue cells under the electron microscope (2,12,13,14,15,17,26,29,30,31,33). Takeuchi and his co-workers found that newly-formed polyglucose particles synthesized from glucose 1-phosphate (Gl-P) by the phosphorylase and branching glycosyltransferase system (PBG-system) under histochemical conditions varied in size, shape and electron-density according to the kind of tissue cells and that they were different from endogenous glycogen particles.…”