Macromolecular materials in heterogeneous catalysis: an aluminium silasesquioxane gel as active catalyst in Diels–Alder reactions of enones

Abbenhuis, Hendrikus C. L.; Herwijnen, Hendrikus W. G. van; Santen, Rutger A. van

doi:10.1039/cc9960001941

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…An aluminosilsesquioxane gel was first prepared and described by Abbenhuis et al This silsesquioxane can be considered polymeric Lewis acid and used as a catalyst for the Diels‐Alder reactions of enones with butadienes to form substituted cyclohexenes. As a result, the increasing rate of the reactions was observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy compositions cured with aluminosilsesquioxanes: Thermomechanical properties

Chmielewska

Sterzyński

Dudziec

2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The aim of this study was to verify the influence of bis(heptaphenylaluminosilsesquioxane) (AlPOSS), used as a curing agent, on the thermomechanical properties of epoxy resin. Moreover, various curing conditions were taken into account. Epoxy casts were prepared from epoxy resin based on bisphenol A cured with different amounts of bis(heptaphenylaluminosilsesquioxane). The thermomechanical properties were investigated during dynamical mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) in two cycles of heating. The storage modulus G 0 of the epoxy casts was found to be higher in comparison to the reference epoxy sample and significantly dependent on the POSS content. A correlation between the glass transition temperatures (T g ), the curing conditions and the amount of curing agents were closely related. The occurrence of the crosslinking process in epoxy matrix was proved by the FTIR spectroscopy. The structure of the epoxy casts was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). V C 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40672.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epoxy compositions cured with aluminosilsesquioxanes: Thermomechanical properties

Chmielewska

Sterzyński

Dudziec

2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Abbenhuis et al reported the synthesis of genuinely heterogeneous gel catalysts containing aluminum siloxy functions (Al-O-Si) by the reaction between an incompletely condensed silsesquioxane and trimethylaluminum, which showed activity for liquid-phase Diels-Alder reactions of enones [42]. They also reported the preparation of titanium-containing gel catalysts by a similar strategy.…”

Section: Preparation Of Immobilized and Polymeric Catalysts Utilizingmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…As one preparation method of organic-inorganic hybrid catalysts with well-defined structures of the active sites, immobilization onto other materials, polymerization, or incorporation into the sol-gel matrices of metal-containing silsesquioxanes is considered to be promising [42][43][44][45]48,49,51,52,[54][55][56]. This section deals with the attempts for the preparation of organic-inorganic hybrid materials for heterogeneous or recyclable homogeneous catalysts by us and others.…”

Section: Preparation Of Immobilized and Polymeric Catalysts Utilizingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Preparation of Novel Materials for Catalysts Utilizing Metal-Containing Silsesquioxanes

Wada

Mitsudo

2005

Catal Surv Asia

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Recent progress of the preparation of novel materials for catalysts utilizing metal-containing silsesquioxanes are reviewed in the following categories: (i) activities of vanadium or titanium-containing silsesquioxanes as homogeneous catalysts for oxidative reactions, (ii) preparation of immobilized or polymeric catalysts, and (iii) preparation of porous oxide catalysts utilizing metalcontaining silsesquioxanes. The present authors found that the liquid phase photo-oxidation of cyclohexane in the presence of a vanadium-containing silsesquioxane as a homogeneous catalyst selectively afforded cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone in high yields. Facile synthetic methods for group 4 metal-containing silsesquioxanes with functionalized silyl (or germyl) groups are presented. Remarkably, titanocene(IV)-containing silsesquioxanes have been synthesized for the first time. The presence of alkenylsilyl substituents shows a promotional effect on the epoxidation of cycloalkenes, which was found to be more significant for titaniumbridged silsesquioxanes. By utilizing these silsesquioxanes, polymeric, starburst-like, and dendritic silsesquioxanes were prepared as well as novel caged or macrocyclic molecules with organic-inorganic hybrid structures. The controlled calcination of these metalcontaining silsesquioxanes at around 823 K produces porous oxides with high BET surface areas of 300-520 m 2 g )1 and uniformlycontrolled micropores of 0.5-0.6 nm diameter. The oxides are found to include a well-dispersed metallic oxide species. From group 13 elements-containing silsesquioxanes Bro¨nsted acidic oxides are produced. Among them, aluminum-containing oxides show excellent activities for the cracking of cumene even at low temperature, 523 K, in spite of their amorphous nature.

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“…Besides their activities as homogeneous catalysts, one can expect the utilization of metal-containing silsesquioxanes as precursors for novel and well-defined heterogeneous catalysts [5,9,10,[20][21][22][23][24][25]. In this context, gel catalysts were prepared by interconnecting caged oligosilsesquioxanes through aluminum or titanium species [11,20]. The present authors have reported the preparation of cooligomers containing Ti-bridged silsesquioxanes, in which the local structure around the titanium atom of the starting silsesquioxane is unchanged [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Their excellent activity as homogeneous catalysts towards the epoxidation of alkenes by the use of organic peroxides have been reported [5,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Besides their activities as homogeneous catalysts, one can expect the utilization of metal-containing silsesquioxanes as precursors for novel and well-defined heterogeneous catalysts [5,9,10,[20][21][22][23][24][25]. In this context, gel catalysts were prepared by interconnecting caged oligosilsesquioxanes through aluminum or titanium species [11,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti-Containing Silsesquioxane Gels with Tunable Porosity: Preparation and Catalytic Activity for the Epoxidation of Cyclooctene by Aqueous Hydrogen Peroxide

et al. 2009

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Novel Ti-containing silsesquioxane gel catalysts were prepared by the hydrosilylative condensation of Ti-containing silsesquioxanes together with cubic silsesquioxanes and spherosilicates. The porosity of gels was controlled by changing the composition and the mixing order of the starting materials. Both porous and nonporous gels were found to act as excellent heterogeneous catalysts towards the selective epoxidation of cyclooctene by the use of aqueous hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant.

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Macromolecular materials in heterogeneous catalysis: an aluminium silasesquioxane gel as active catalyst in Diels–Alder reactions of enones

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

Epoxy compositions cured with aluminosilsesquioxanes: Thermomechanical properties

Epoxy compositions cured with aluminosilsesquioxanes: Thermomechanical properties

Preparation of Novel Materials for Catalysts Utilizing Metal-Containing Silsesquioxanes

Ti-Containing Silsesquioxane Gels with Tunable Porosity: Preparation and Catalytic Activity for the Epoxidation of Cyclooctene by Aqueous Hydrogen Peroxide

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