Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur 1839) (Heteroptera, Miridae) – ein interessanter Nützling im biologischen Pflanzenschutz

Abstract

Zusammenfassung: Eine umfangreiche Analyse über Biologie und Systematik von M. pygmaeus wurde durchgeführt. Es konnte anhand von Literaturnachweisen und eigenen Untersuchungen aufgezeigt werden, dass M. pygmaeus als potentieller, universell einsetzbarer Räuber zur Dezimierung von unterschiedlichen Gewächshausschädlingen geeignet ist. Er bietet aufgrund seiner Ernährungs‐ und Lebensweise Vorteile gegenüber bisher verwendeten Gegenspielern. Sein Einsatz ist dort empfehlenswert, wo starke Schädlingspopulationen vorhanden sind, wo neue Schädlingsarten biologisch bekämpft werden müssen, wo vorbeugende biologische Methoden effizient sein sollen und dort, wo die Bedingungen für Parasitoide ungünstig erscheinen. Nachteilig ist seine hohe Empfindlichkeit gegenüber systemischen Insektiziden. Hierfür wurden umfangreiche Untersuchungen mit den Wirkstoffen Imidacloprid, Thiacloprid und Azadirachtin durchgeführt und diskutiert.

Discrimination of the closely related biocontrol agents Macrolophus melanotoma (Hemiptera: Miridae) and M. pygmaeus using mitochondrial DNA analysis

“…By contrast, eggs laid by females of both populations in crossing experiments were not fertile (table 3). It is noteworthy that most of the eggs laid by females from population A mated with males of population C bore a deformed respiratory horn, which instead of ending TaqI 550 550 550 50 50 50 MboI 420 420 420 180 180 180 MseI 100 90 95 85 85 90 80 80 85 75 75 80 70 70 75 60 60 70 55 55 55 35 35 10 10 XbaI 600 310 600 290 in one middle and two lateral projections at its top (Perdikis & Lykouressis, 2001Hillert et al, 2002), had only the two lateral projections or all three much shortened. By contrast, females from population C always laid typical eggs with a short, one-lobed respiratory horn ( fig.…”

“…However, in the former cases the authors did not give information on the identification of their specimens. In a recent study by Hillert et al (2002), Macrolophus adults with black first antennal segments from tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. (Solanaceae) were recorded as M. pygmaeus following the description of Josifov (1992). In a previous study (Lykouressis et al, 2000), individuals of Macrolophus with the first antennal segment medially white found on D. viscosa in the western Peloponnese were considered to be M. melanotoma due to the colour of their first antennal segment but also to previous studies reporting that D. viscosa is the main host plant of this species in other regions of the Mediterranean (Stichel, 1962;Josifov, 1992).…”

The potential use of different predatory bug species in the biological control of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

“…Dicyphus tamaninii Wagner (Heteroptera: Miridae) has been identified as one of the most successful predatory bugs against Aphis gossypii Glover (Alvarado et al 1997;Castan˜e´et al 1997;Saleh 2002;Sengonca and Saleh 2002). Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur) (Heteroptera: Miridae), another predatory bug, has also shown good results against whiteflies (Aleyrodidae), aphids (Aphididae) and mites (Tetranychidae), especially in the presence of other natural control factors, like parasitoids and predatory mites (Perdikis and Lykouressis 2000;Lykouressis et al 2001;Hillert et al 2002). Orius niger (Wolff) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) was tested for the biological control of F. occidentalis and T. tabaci (Van de Veire and Degheele 1992; Dissevelt et al 1995;Deligeorgidis 2002).…”

Sticky trap monitoring of a pest–predator system in glasshouse tomato crops: are available trap colours sufficient?

“…); thus, both genera show omnivorous feeding habits (Hillert et al. ; Pumarino and Alomar ) and are active at daytime and night‐time (Askari and Stern ; Hamdan ). In the current study, M. pygmaeus showed a rather unspecific response to colour.…”

“…Furthermore, the least O. similis adults were found all times on blue traps, but the authors did not check for significance in those differences. In both genera, Orius and Macrolophus, the visit of flowers and the use of pollen and plant tissue as food sources are known (Ishida et al 2009;Maselou et al 2014); thus, both genera show omnivorous feeding habits (Hillert et al 2002;Pumarino and Alomar 2012) and are active at daytime and night-time (Askari and Stern 1972;Hamdan 2006). In the current study, M. pygmaeus showed a rather unspecific response to colour.…”