Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in adults with community acquired pneumonia: challenges and risks

Abstract

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important atypical microorganism that causes community-acquired pneumonia (1). These atypical microorganisms are responsible for 7-20% of community-acquired pneumonia cases, yet β-lactam agents are not effective against M. pneumoniae because it lacks a rigid cell wall. Currently, macrolides are considered as first line agents to treat atypical community-acquired pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae, while respiratory fluoroquinolones (such as levofloxacin), and tetracyclines are alternative treatment options (2). However, macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae is growing globally and the prevalence rate shows variations across countries and regions. Epidemiologic studies have shown that the macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae rate is between 0% and 15% in the United States of America, while reaching 100% in Asia, with resistance more dominant in low and middle-income countries (3).

Detection of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Using Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing: A Comparative Analysis of Clinical Characteristics in Pure Infections and Co-Infections

“…Although most studies have focused on children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, the incidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in adults with community-acquired pneumonia has increased in recent years [14][15][16] . In this study, we used tNGS technology to analyze bronchoalveolar lavage uid samples to explore the differences in co-infection and pathogen spectrum between pediatric and adult patients.…”