Macrolide-Resistant <i>Bordetella pertussis</i>, Vietnam, 2016−2017

Kamachi, Kazunari; Duong, Hong Thi; Dang, Anh Duc; Hai, To Van; Do, Do; Koide, Kentaro; Otsuka, Nao; Shibayama, Keigo; Hoang, Ha Thi Thu

doi:10.3201/eid2610.201035

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Macrolides are first-line drugs for B pertussis infection, and the patient described here responded well to azithromycin. Recently, macrolide-resistant B pertussis strains have been emerging globally, especially in Asia [ 10 , 11 ]. Therefore, antimicrobial susceptibility testing–based de-escalation is recommended for B pertussis infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Reported Case of Bordetella pertussis Bacteremia in a Patient With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Wakimoto

Otsuka

Yanagawa

et al. 2022

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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We describe a case of bacteremia in a human immunodeficiency virus–infected patient caused by a Bordetella pertussis strain lacking 2 major virulence factors, filamentous hemagglutinin and fimbriae. Although B pertussis bacteremia is uncommon, physicians should be aware that even attenuated B pertussis strains can cause invasive infection in immunocompromised patients. Bordetella pertussis is a gram-negative coccobacillus that causes a severe paroxysmal coughing disease known as whooping cough or pertussis. Bordetella pertussis colonizes the epithelial cells of the human respiratory tract, and the organisms are typically isolated from nasopharynx. We describe a case of B pertussis bacteremia in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Interestingly, the isolate recovered from blood culture did not produce the major virulence factors, filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and fimbriae (FIM). Previously, 3 cases of B pertussis bacteremia were reported in the literature. We discuss the features of B pertussis bacteremia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Reported Case of Bordetella pertussis Bacteremia in a Patient With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Wakimoto

Otsuka

Yanagawa

et al. 2022

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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“…The disease progression profile for pneumococcal disease (namely, in vivo biofilm formation) also poses challenges for effective antibiotic treatment [28][29][30][31][32][33]. Finally, like most other bacterial infectious disease targets, the active agents responsible for tuberculosis, pertussis, and pneumococcal disease are prone to development of antibiotic resistance [34][35][36][37][38][39]. As a result, all of the respiratory tract diseases listed in Table 1 also feature vaccine treatment options, with each of these routinely used to address the given disease.…”

Section: Main Respiratory Illnesses and Their Treatment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intranasal Vaccine Delivery Technology for Respiratory Tract Disease Application with a Special Emphasis on Pneumococcal Disease

et al. 2021

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This mini-review will cover recent trends in intranasal (IN) vaccine delivery as it relates to applications for respiratory tract diseases. The logic and rationale for IN vaccine delivery will be compared to methods and applications accompanying this particular administration route. In addition, we will focus extended discussion on the potential role of IN vaccination in the context of respiratory tract diseases, with a special emphasis on pneumococcal disease. Here, elements of this disease, including its prevalence and impact upon the elderly population, will be viewed from the standpoint of improving health outcomes through vaccine design and delivery technology and how IN administration can play a role in such efforts.

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“…Several studies have investigated factors associated with disease severity, including age, 13 vaccination status, 14 WBC count during hospitalization, [15][16][17][18][19] pulmonary hypertension, 17 hyponatremia, 18 and pneumonia. 19 PCR using nasopharyngeal samples is the most reliable method for detecting B. pertussis, 24 and real-time PCR is widely used. When the assay is performed, the Ct value, that is, the Ct for detecting target genes and the copy numbers of targeted genes is calculated simultaneously.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Severe Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction Cycle Threshold Value and Clinical Severity in Neonates and Infants Infected With Bordetella pertussis

Nga

Thuy

Ainai

et al. 2022

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is highly sensitive and is thus the standard method for diagnosing pertussis. Real-time PCR is widely used because of its accuracy and the simplicity of the simultaneous cycle threshold (Ct) value, which represents the copy numbers of the target gene. Little is known of the association of Ct value with pertussis severity in neonates and infants. Methods: This study determined Ct values in neonates and infants diagnosed with pertussis by real-time PCR using nasopharyngeal samples at Vietnam National Children's Hospital in Hanoi in 2017 and 2019. The association of disease severity and clinical parameters were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: We evaluated 108 patients with pertussis [median age: 63 days, interquartile range (IQR): 41-92 days]. Only 6/108 (6%) received at least 1 dose of a pertussis-containing vaccine. Among them, 24 (22.2%) had severe disease requiring care in a pediatric intensive care unit, 16 (13.8%) required mechanical ventilation, and 3 (2.6%) died. The median Ct value was lower in patients with severe disease (19.0, IQR: 16.5-22.0, n = 24) than in those without severe disease (25.5, IQR: 20.0-30.0, n = 84) (P = 0.002). Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that PCR Ct value [odds ratio (OR): 1.783, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.013-3.138, P = 0.045], age (OR: 3.118, 95% CI: 1.643-5.920, P = 0.001), and white blood cell counts (OR: 0.446, 95% CI: 0.261-0.763, P = 0.003) remained significantly associated with severe disease. Conclusions: Real-time PCR Ct values for pertussis might be useful as a predictor of severe disease in neonates and infants.

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Macrolide-Resistant Bordetella pertussis, Vietnam, 2016−2017

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

The First Reported Case of Bordetella pertussis Bacteremia in a Patient With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

The First Reported Case of Bordetella pertussis Bacteremia in a Patient With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Intranasal Vaccine Delivery Technology for Respiratory Tract Disease Application with a Special Emphasis on Pneumococcal Disease

Association Between Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction Cycle Threshold Value and Clinical Severity in Neonates and Infants Infected With Bordetella pertussis

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