Macrofungal diversity and ecology in two Mediterranean forest ecosystems

Angelini, Paola; Compagno, Riccardo; Arcangeli, Antonella; Bistocchi, Giancarlo; Gargano, Maria Letizia; Venanzoni, Roberto; Venturella, Giuseppe

doi:10.1080/11263504.2014.987844

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It is likely that the variation of wild macrofungi in different ecosystems is governed by different climatic conditions such as temperature, pH of soil, physiognomy, succession and geography. This finding was similarly reported by Angelini et al [60], where sampling methods, soil and microclimate conditions affects diversity of macrofungal species. In addition, level of effectiveness amongst biota and the level of human disturbances may have resulted in difference in species recorded in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Antimicrobial Potential, Identification and Phylogenetic Affiliation of Wild Mushrooms from Two Sub-Tropical Semi-Evergreen Indian Forest Ecosystems

Lallawmsanga¹,

Passari²,

Mishra³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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The diversity of wild mushrooms was investigated from two protected forest areas in India and 231 mushroom specimens were morphologically identified. Among them, 76 isolates were screened for their antimicrobial potential against seven bacterial and fungal pathogens. Out of 76 isolates, 45 isolates which displayed significant antimicrobial activities were identified using ITS rRNA gene amplification and subsequently phylogenetically characterized using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Sequencing of the ITS rRNA region classified the isolates into 16 genera belonging to 11 families. In total, 11 RAPD and 10 ISSR primers were selected to evaluate genetic diversity based on their banding profile produced. In total 337 RAPD and 312 ISSR bands were detected, among which percentage of polymorphism ranges from 34.2% to 78.8% and 38.6% to 92.4% by using RAPD and ISSR primers respectively. Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) trees of selected two methods were structured similarly, grouping the 46 isolates into two clusters which clearly showed a significant genetic distance among the different strains of wild mushroom, with an similarity coefficient ranges from 0.58 to 1.00 and 0.59 to 1.00 with RAPD and ISSR analysis respectively. This reporthas highlighted both DTR and MNP forests provide a habitat for diverse macrofungal species, therefore having the potential to be used for the discovery of antimicrobials. The report has also demonstrated that both RAPD and ISSR could efficiently differentiate wild mushrooms and could thus be considered as efficient markers for surveying genetic diversity. Additionally, selected six wild edible mushroom strains (Schizophyllum commune BPSM01, Panusgiganteus BPSM27, Pleurotussp. BPSM34, Lentinussp. BPSM37, Pleurotusdjamor BPSM41 and Lentinula sp. BPSM45) were analysed for their nutritional (proteins, carbohydrates, fat and ash content), antioxidant potential. The present findings also suggested that the wild edible mushroom strains do not have only nutritional values but also can be used as an accessible source of natural antioxidants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Antimicrobial Potential, Identification and Phylogenetic Affiliation of Wild Mushrooms from Two Sub-Tropical Semi-Evergreen Indian Forest Ecosystems

Lallawmsanga¹,

Passari²,

Mishra³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…Для визначення різноманітності макрогрибів мікологи можуть користуватися трьома засобами: колекцією плодових тіл, культивуванням міцелію та вільною ДНК грибів у навколишньому середовищі. Проте вони найчастіше надають перевагу вивченню колекцій (Brown et al, 2006;O'Hanlon et al, 2012;Angelini et al, 2016). Однак у випадку коли гриби мають хоча й досить великі плодові тіла, але існуючі короткочасно, цей метод не завжди здатний їх виявити і прилучити до колекції.…”

Section: порівняльна характеристика методів дослідження макрогрибівunclassified

Free DNA in environment and its use in systematics of macrofungi

Pomohaibo

Vlasenko

Orlova

2019

ean

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On the basis of the review of numerous scientific publications, in our article there is compared the effectiveness of various study methods of macrofungi groups, the species diversity of which remains largely unknown. Macrofungi form the visible fruit body. They are found in most environmental conditions, but are most common in forest ecosystems, where they are reducers. Macrofungi belong to the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota types within the Dikarya subkingdom and are divided into saprotroph, parasitic and mycorrhizal fungi. Saprotroph species play a main part in the decomposition of organic matter of soil, fallen leaves and dead wood. Parasitic macrofungi cause a number of diseases of other mushrooms, plants and animals (mostly invertebrates). Mycorrhizal fungi form a symbiotic system with plant roots, which is useful for both partners. There are known over 90000 species of macrofungi that is about 60 % of the number of all described fungal species in the present (Deacon, 2006; Orgiazzi et al., 2016). Macrofungi are considered to be studied in the best way, but their species diversity remains largely unknown. For example, in the course of over last 60 years more 56000 species of macrofungi have been identified in Australasia, China, and Japan, of which 35000 species, or 62 %, are unknown (Mueller et al., 2007). At the same time, in China and Japan the part of new macrofungal species was 37 %, and in Australasia – 72 %. To determine the diversity of macrofungi three methods can be used: a collections of fruit bodies, mycelium cultivation on the agar substrate and free fungal DNA in the environment. The study of collections are used most commonly. However, in the case when mushrooms have large fruit bodies, but they are short-lived, this method is not always able to detect them and attach them to the collection. For other two methods, the presence of fruit bodies is not obligatory. But the mycelium cultivation method also has a drawback, since not all mycorrhizal and parasitic mushrooms can be cultivated in the laboratory because they can’t exist outside the symbiosis with the roots of living plants or outside the host's body, respectively. Altogether together both collection studying and mycelium cultivation methods can find a significant majority of the environmental fungal taxons, which form fruit bodies. However, they can not reflect the relative prevalence of species. The method of molecular genetic analysis of the environmental DNA (eDNA) has the greatest advantages of other two, since it is also suitable for the discovery of such taxonomic units. This method has allowed to identify new branches, including ancient branched fungal lines, such as Cryptomycota or Archaeorhizomycetes. True, sometimes the method of eDNA analysis does not find taxonomic units, which are detected by the collection of fruit bodies or by mycelium cultivating. But this may have been due to sample incompleteness or to errors in the complex process of eDNA analysis. Since in these analysis there are used fragments of DNA or RNA only a few hundred bases long, this method is not able to detect a number of biological indices that can be obtained by examining of a fungal collection or culture. Thus to obtain most complete information about macrofungal community structure as well as their genomic, physiological and ecological properties it is necessary to use all three methods.

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“…Their environmental requirements are different, from those species that are capable of utilising nutrients in various substrates to species with very specifi c habitat needs (Angelini et al , 2014a(Angelini et al , 2016Pagiotti et al 2011 ;Picco et al 2011 ;Perotto et al 2013 ). Fungi are a rich source of secondary metabolites and natural products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Identification of Allelochemicals from Ascocarp of Tuber Species

Angelini

Bricchi

Akhtar³

et al. 2016

Plant, Soil and Microbes

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Truffl es ( Tuber spp.) belong to the fruiting bodies of certain hypogeous ascomycetes, which may grow in ectomycorrhizal symbioses with specifi ed shrub and tree species. Some truffl es, notably Tuber melanosporum and T. aestivum, form 'burnt' area, also known as 'burn' or 'brûlé' around their symbiotic hosts. Increasingly focused interest has been centred on an in-depth research and study of truffl e methanolic extracts and their fatty acid allelochemicals. These metabolites have been recognised as biochemical and have great infl uence in the burnt formation. This present chapter contributes the knowledge of truffl e methanolic extracts and fatty acids regarding allelopathic activity to understand the applicability and sustainability of truffl es in agricultural practices for the management of weed and plant pathogens. However, it will also be helpful to the companies specialising in the processing of truffl e and the recovery and reinsertion of waste truffl es through the production process for the isolation of important allelopathic compounds.

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Macrofungal diversity and ecology in two Mediterranean forest ecosystems

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Antimicrobial Potential, Identification and Phylogenetic Affiliation of Wild Mushrooms from Two Sub-Tropical Semi-Evergreen Indian Forest Ecosystems

Antimicrobial Potential, Identification and Phylogenetic Affiliation of Wild Mushrooms from Two Sub-Tropical Semi-Evergreen Indian Forest Ecosystems

Free DNA in environment and its use in systematics of macrofungi

Isolation and Identification of Allelochemicals from Ascocarp of Tuber Species

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