Macroalgal mats and species abundance: a field experiment

Hull, Stephen

doi:10.1016/0272-7714(87)90112-0

Cited by 132 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This is about twice as high as the Spirulina amount added in our study. In comparable studies (Hull, 1987;Neira and Rackemann, 1996), even higher substrate concentrations (up to 67% dry weight) were applied to simulate the formation of black spots. A large part of cyanobacterial mats in tidal-flats consists of Spirulina spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of cyanobacterial biomass in anoxic tidal-flat sediments: a microcosm study of metabolic processes and community changes

2011

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To follow the anaerobic degradation of organic matter in tidal-flat sediments, a stimulation experiment with 13 C-labeled Spirulina biomass (130 mg per 21 g sediment slurry) was conducted over a period of 24 days. A combination of microcalorimetry to record process kinetics, chemical analyses of fermentation products and RNA-based stable-isotope probing (SIP) to follow community changes was applied. Different degradation phases could be identified by microcalorimetry: Within 2 days, heat output reached its maximum (55 lW), while primary fermentation products were formed (in lmol) as follows: acetate 440, ethanol 195, butyrate 128, propionate 112, H 2 127 and smaller amounts of valerate, propanol and butanol. Sulfate was depleted within 7 days. Thereafter, methanogenesis was observed and secondary fermentation proceeded. H 2 and alcohols disappeared completely, whereas fatty acids decreased in concentration. Three main degraders were identified by RNA-based SIP and denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis. After 12 h, two phylotypes clearly enriched in 13 C: (i) Psychrilyobacter atlanticus, a fermenter known to produce hydrogen and acetate and (ii) bacteria distantly related to Propionigenium. A Cytophaga-related bacterium was highly abundant after day 3. Sulfate reduction appeared to be performed by incompletely oxidizing species, as only sulfate-reducing bacteria related to Desulfovibrio were labeled as long as sulfate was available.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of cyanobacterial biomass in anoxic tidal-flat sediments: a microcosm study of metabolic processes and community changes

2011

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“…DO, dissolved oxygen; OS, oxygen saturation; Cond., conductivity; TDS, total dissolved solids; DWT, depth of water; Temp., temperature of water. and seasonal climatic changes (Hull, 1987;Blomster et al, 1999). Furthermore, some Ulva species may 'switch' thallus morphogenesis from foliose to tubular and vice versa in various phases of their ontogenetic development, which adds to the difficulty of identifying them and describing their diagnostic features (Tan et al, 1999;Blomster et al, 2000).…”

Section: Morphological and Molecular Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ulva flexuosa(Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) inhabiting inland aquatic ecosystems: molecular, morphological and ecological discrimination of subspecies

Rybak

Czerwoniec²,

Gąbka

et al. 2014

European Journal of Phycology

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Species of Ulva (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) are relatively common macroalgae in most coastal areas. In this paper, we examine Ulva in inland aquatic ecosystems to determine relationships between the chemical parameters of the water and the Ulva taxa present. Two groups of samples of freshwater Ulva were selected from: (i) habitats with high salinity levels, and (ii) habitats with fresh or slightly saline waters. We showed that these two groups of Ulva, which occupy distinct habitats, represent two separate taxa. The first group represents Ulva flexuosa subsp. pilifera (Kützing) M.J. Wynne, which is very common and regularly encountered in fresh waters, but is equally well represented in slightly saline waters. The second is U. flexuosa subsp. paradoxa (C. Agardh) M.J. Wynne, which is less common, preferring mainly salt-wedge saline waters. We did not find both Ulva flexuosa subspecies together at any of the research sites.There were significant morphological differences between the Ulva flexuosa subspecies. Ulva flexuosa subsp. pilifera had longer and wider thalli and wider cells than those of subsp. paradoxa. Ulva flexuosa subsp. paradoxa cells were longer and of greater circumference than those of subsp. pilifera. Analyses of the rRNA ITS region and partial rbcL gene sequences demonstrated minor sequence variation within the two subspecies. The results of this study provide detailed information on the characteristics of limnic Ulva habitats and indicate the niches where such populations are likely to occur.

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“…Mats of filamentous algae can cover formerly open sandy habitats or occur as epiphytes on seagrass and kelp algae resulting in a change of the habitat structure, thereby affecting the species composition of associated fauna (Reise, 1983;Raffaelli et al, 1991;Isaksson & Pihl, 1992;Pihl et al, 1995). These mats can act as a physical barrier to epibenthic predators, thus reducing predation and increasing survival of prey species able to cope with the conditions under the mats (Hull, 1987;Isaksson et al, 1994). There is also a risk of hypoxia, due to the increase in organic input from decaying algae and decreased water exchange below algal mats (Rosenberg, 1985;Hull, 1987;Bonsdorlf et al, 1995;Norkko & Bonsdorff, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat choice by juvenile cod (Gadus morhua L.) on sandy soft bottoms with different vegetation types

Borg

Pihl

Wennhage

1997

Helgoländer Meeresunters.

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Habitat choice by juvenile cod (Gadus morhua L.) on sandy bottoms with different vegetation types was studied in laboratory. The experiment was conducted day and night in flowthrough tanks on two different size-classes of cod (7-13 and 17-28 cm TL). Four habitats, typical of shallow soft bottoms on the Swedish west coast: Fucus vesiculosus, Zostera marina, Cladophora sp. and bare sand, were set up pair-wise in six combinations. The main difference between habitats in this study was vegetation structure, since all parameters except vegetation type was considered equal for both sides of the experimental tanks and natural prey was eliminated. The results showed a difference in habitat utilization by juvenile cod between day (light) and night (dark). During day time the fishes showed a significant preference for vegetation, while nocturnally no significant choice of habitat was made. Both size-classes preferred Fucus, considered the most complex habitat in this study, when this was available. The smaller size-class seemed to be able to utilize the other vegetation types as well, always preferring vegetation over sand. Larger juvenile cod, on the other hand, appeared to be restricted to Fucus. This difference in habitat choice by the two size-classes might be due to a greater dependence on shelter from predation by the smaller juveniles, causing them to associate more strongly with vegetation. The larger juveniles avoided Cladophora, since they might have difficulties in entering the compact structure of this filamentous algae. Availability of vegetation at day time, as a predation refuge, as well as of open sandy areas for feeding during night, thus seems to be important for juvenile cod. It is concluded that eutrophication-induced changes in habitat structure, such as increased dominance by filamentous algae, could alter the availability of predation refuges and foraging habitats for juvenile cod.

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Macroalgal mats and species abundance: a field experiment

Cited by 132 publications

References 13 publications

Degradation of cyanobacterial biomass in anoxic tidal-flat sediments: a microcosm study of metabolic processes and community changes

Degradation of cyanobacterial biomass in anoxic tidal-flat sediments: a microcosm study of metabolic processes and community changes

Ulva flexuosa(Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) inhabiting inland aquatic ecosystems: molecular, morphological and ecological discrimination of subspecies

Habitat choice by juvenile cod (Gadus morhua L.) on sandy soft bottoms with different vegetation types

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