Macro and microscopic characteristics of the placenta and its relationship with the weight and the Apgar score of canine neonates

Farias, Sarah Fernanda Salgado Tavares; Barbosa, Hélida Tainan Silva; Pinheiro, Breno Queiroz; Júnior, Francisco Antônio Félix Xavier; Morais, Glaycianne Bezerra de; Evangelista, Janaína Serra Azul Monteiro; Silva, Lúcia Daniel Machado da

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.02.018

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The placenta is essential for the development of the fetus, and its impaired function can lead to neonatal mortality [46,47]. Recently, it was remarked that the placenta has an influence on the weight of neonates, which is essential for its development in intra-and extrauterine life, even if more studies are required to better elucidate these questions [48]. As in humans, placental weight, the extension of the transfer zone, and the placental total vascular area correlate closely with puppies' birthweight in normal pregnancies [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal–Maternal Bodyweight Ratio at Birth: An Indicator for First-Week Survival Prognosis in Canine Newborns

Alonge,

Beccaglia,

Trovò

et al. 2023

Animals

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Objectives. In dogs, neonatal bodyweight (NBW) varies at birth. Size-specific reference values for NBW are essential to correctly manage newborns. The present study aimed to define a new tool to evaluate NBW that could be routinely applied in canine neonatology, promptly identifying puppies requiring more care. Methods. The records of 89 litters were retrospectively evaluated. Data were grouped according to maternal bodyweight (MBW) in five categories: toy (≤5 kg), small (5.1–9.9 kg), medium (10–24.9 kg), large (25–39.9 kg), and giant (≥40 kg) dogs. At birth, the NBW of 412 puppies, alongside their litter size (LS) and gender (G), were recorded. Neonatal mortality within the first week was considered. The influence of MBW, LS, and G on NBW and the effect of NBW on the 1-week outcome were evaluated using ANOVA (p < 0.05). The ratio between NBW and MBW expressed as a percentage (N-MBW%), was assessed for each puppy. Through Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, N-MBW% thresholds between puppies alive or dead at one week of age were calculated in each group. Results. The LS was different among groups, except for small vs. medium dogs. In small litters, N-MBW% was lower in medium-, large- and giant-sized dogs than in toy and small dogs. In medium and large litters, N-MBW% differed among the five groups. Male and female N-MBW% differed among the five groups. Only in large and giant sizes did LS affect N-MBW%, which was lower in a large LS. The N-MBW% was higher in healthy puppies than in those who died within one week. The ROC-derived N-MBW% thresholds were as follows: 4.5% in toy-, 3.2% in small-, 1.5% in medium-, 1.2% in large-, and 1% in giant dogs. Clinical significance. The ROC-derived N-MBW% thresholds can be used to cautiously identify puppies at increased risk for one-week mortality and may be helpful in clinical practice, representing a suitable parameter to give a prognosis on 1-week survival immediately at birth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal–Maternal Bodyweight Ratio at Birth: An Indicator for First-Week Survival Prognosis in Canine Newborns

Alonge,

Beccaglia,

Trovò

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…The placenta has been extensively studied in several countries and mammalian species, in addition to humans. There have been studies in Denmark (Lyderik et al, 2023), the United States (Cary et al, 2023; Fedorka & Troedson, 2023; Van Heule et al, 2023), New Zealand (Mccoard et al, 2023), Egypt (Hashem et al, 2023), Brazil (Farias et al, 2023), China (Cui et al, 2022) and Canada (Fuselier et al, 2023). The placenta is a transitory organ eliminated during childbirth and can be collected without risk to the mother and fetus after birth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a new equation to estimate gestational age in female dogs

Pollis,

Padilha,

Campos

et al. 2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The objectives of this study were to propose a statistical model to predict the behaviour of the thickness of the uteroplacental junction as a function of the gestation period in female dogs and to determine the relationship between the thickness of the placenta and gestational age in healthy female dogs whose pregnancies had elapsed without maternal‐fetal alterations. Eight Border Collie female dogs were selected, aged 3–6 (4.48 ± 0.89) and weighing 16–22 kg (19.06 ± 1.9 kg). Female dogs with gestational ages from 20 to 62 days were examined weekly using B‐mode ultrasonography. Ultrasound measurements of the uteroplacental junction were organized into four distinct groups: GT1 (27–36 days of gestation), GT2 (37–46 days of gestation), GT3 (47–56 days of gestation) and GT4 (57–62 days of gestation). Based on multiple linear regression, a statistical model was proposed to predict the behaviour of the thickness of the uteroplacental junction (y) as a function of the length of gestation (x) in female dogs, where b0 is the intercept (linear coefficient) and bp is the slope of the predictors. The analysis relating GT, age and weight could predict placental thickness and resulted in a statistically significant model [F(1,28) = 153,736; p < .001; R2 = .846], but only that relating the length of pregnancy (β = .92; t = 12.399; p < .001) predicted the thickness of the placenta according to the equation y = b0 + bp.x1 [(thickness in cm) = β −0.3 + 0.019 × (gestation time in days)]. Only in GT4 was there no correlation between placentas within the same pregnancy (p > .05). Based on the close relationship between the development of the uteroplacental junction thickness during pregnancy and gestational age, it is possible to develop a new tool to complement gestational ultrasound evaluation in female dogs. This is important because it allows better placental evaluation in the search for significant alterations that could compromise maternal‐fetal health.

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Emergency cesarean section in dogs: Usefulness of amniotic fluid biochemical parameters and placental morphology as indicators of neonatal viability

Greghi,

Favaron,

Trautwein

et al. 2023

Theriogenology

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Macro and microscopic characteristics of the placenta and its relationship with the weight and the Apgar score of canine neonates

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Neonatal–Maternal Bodyweight Ratio at Birth: An Indicator for First-Week Survival Prognosis in Canine Newborns

Neonatal–Maternal Bodyweight Ratio at Birth: An Indicator for First-Week Survival Prognosis in Canine Newborns

Establishment of a new equation to estimate gestational age in female dogs

Emergency cesarean section in dogs: Usefulness of amniotic fluid biochemical parameters and placental morphology as indicators of neonatal viability

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