Mackenzie River Driftwood: A Dendrochronological Study

Eggertsson, Ólafur

doi:10.14430/arctic1282

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, some numerical studies to compute the behavior of driftwood in the Lagrangian form only with clear water flow have been carried out by some researchers (Nakagawa et al 1994(Nakagawa et al , 1995Gotoh et al 2002;Ikari et al 2006;Shimizu and Osada 2008), but they have not focused on computing the behavior of driftwood with debris flow or sediment-water mixture flow. Moreover, the characteristics of driftwood carried by clear water flow have also been investigated in the fields and experiments by Eggertsson (1994), Braudrick et al (1997), Abbe and Montgomery (2003), Comiti et al (2006) and Bochhiola et al (2006). In order to reduce the debris-flow hazards, it is common to couple structural and nonstructural preventive measures (Ghilardi et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driftwood deposition from debris flows at slit-check dams and fans

et al. 2011

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Experience shows that debris flows containing large woody debris (driftwood) can be more damaging than debris flows without driftwood. In this study, the deposition process of debris flows carrying driftwood was investigated using numerical simulations and flume experiments. Debris-flow trapping due to driftwood jamming in a slit-check dam was also investigated. A numerical model was developed with an interacting combination of Eulerian expression of the debris flow and Lagrangian expression of the driftwood, in which the fluctuating coordinates and rotation of the driftwood were treated stochastically. The calculated shapes and thicknesses of a debris-flow fan and the positions and orientations of the deposited driftwood on a debris-flow fan were consistent with experimental flume results. The jamming of driftwood in a slit-check dam was evaluated based on geometry and probability. The simulated results of outflow discharge and the proportion of driftwood passed through the slit-check dam also agreed with the experimental results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Driftwood deposition from debris flows at slit-check dams and fans

et al. 2011

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“…Larssen et al ., 1987; Pfirman et al .,1989, 1990, 1995a,b, 1997a,b; Rigor, 1992; Nürnberg et al ., 1994; Reimnitz et al ., 1994; Proshutinsky & Johnson, 1997) as well as dendrochronological identification of sources and potential transport routes of driftwood (Fig. 1) (Bartholin & Hjort, 1987; Eggertsson, 1993, 1994a,b; Johansen, 1998, 1999) offer an opportunity to review some disjunct phytogeographical distribution patterns in the North Atlantic region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A contribution to the discussion of biota dispersal with drift ice and driftwood in the North Atlantic

Johansen¹,

Hytteborn²

2001

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim The present work aims to review the early proposed hypothesis of biota dispersal by driftwood and drift ice. Location The North Atlantic region. Methods New knowledge gained about drift ice patterns and sources and transport routes of ice‐rafted debris and dendrochronologically dated driftwood is used to investigate chance dispersal of diaspores. In addition, the extremely disjunct distribution patterns of some vascular plants in Scandinavia and East Greenland are examined in the light of this new data. Results Both drift ice and driftwood are thought to be important in the chance dispersal of diaspores from Siberia and North‐west Russia to parts of the North Atlantic region, in the Late Weichselian or early Holocene. It is proposed that the extremely disjunct distribution of some vascular plants in northern Scandinavia and East Greenland (e.g. Draba sibirica, Oxytropis deflexa ssp. norvegica, Potentilla stipularis and Trisetum subalpestre) are examples of this type of long‐distance dispersal. Main conclusions The concentration of extremely disjunct distributed vascular plant species in parts of northern Norway and East Greenland is suggested to relate to the Late Weichselian ice free conditions and the topography and exposure of the coastline in these areas, allowing accumulation of ice‐rafted debris and driftwood. A systematic survey of debris samples obtained from drift ice and driftwood trees is needed to evaluate the significance of these vectors for dispersal of biota to the North Atlantic region.

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“…et autres essences qui caractérisent la forêt boréale nord-américaine et sibérienne, et qui forment les amas naturels. L'analyse dendrochronologique qui, elle, parvient à localiser la provenance de certaines de ces grumes, demande d'établir des séquences de référence pour la multitude des lieux d'origine possibles (Giddings 1941(Giddings , 1952a et, malgré leur multiplication récente (Eggertsson 1994a;Eggertsson et Laeyendecker;Johansen 1999Johansen , 2001Johansen et al 2001), il en existe encore peu. L'étude des flux océaniques et des courants marins amène à constater des inversions et des changements de direction ou d'intensité des flux d'une saison à l'autre, d'une année à l'autre, et au cours du temps Eggertsson 1994b;Tremblay et al 1997).…”

Section: La Difficulté D'établir L'origine Des Bois Flottésunclassified

Bois flottés et archéologie de l’Arctique: contribution à la préhistoire récente du détroit de Béring

Alix

2006

etudinuit

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Until the introduction of commercial wood, driftwood was the main wood resource for people along the coasts of northern North America and Siberia. In Arctic archaeological sites and particularly in the last 2,000 years deposits, wood remains are often well preserved and provide archaeologists with large and representative samples of what was used at a site. However these remains have not been analyzed in great detail despite the interest of studying the use of wood in regions lacking trees. This paper discusses the importance of recording systematic and precise data on driftwood accumulations and wood use in order to better understand: 1) the formation of wooden assemblages, 2) driftwood availability at the time the site was occupied, and 3) users’ selection choices. A survey of modern driftwood accumulations, distribution, Availability and composition in Bering Strait and southern Chukchi Peninsula is also presented. It draws on the study of archaeological collections of Alaskan sites dated to the 6th century and the 11th-15th centuries A.D. to show how establishing such data bases should, in the long run, improve the chronological, technical or even social interpretation of wood remains from arctic sites.Jusqu’à la vente de bois commerciaux venus du sud, les populations installées le long des côtes des régions septentrionales d’Amérique du Nord et de Sibérie allaient régulièrement sur les plages s’approvisionner en bois flottés, principale source de ligneux dans ces régions dénuées d’arbres. Dans les sites archéologiques arctiques et particulièrement dans les dépôts des 2 000 dernières années, la conservation des vestiges en bois est souvent remarquable et fournit aux archéologues des assemblages numériquement représentatifs. Pourtant, ces vestiges ont rarement fait l’objet d’études approfondies malgré l’intérêt d’étudier l’exploitation d’une telle ressource dans des régions qui ne la produisent pas. Cet article discute de la nécessité de connaître la nature des accumulations de bois flotté (modalités de formation des dépôts naturels, propriétés des matériaux disponibles, etc.) afin de mieux comprendre: 1) la formation des assemblages archéologiques en bois, 2) la disponibilité des bois d’oeuvre à l’époque d’occupation du site, et 3) les variables de la sélection des bois par les occupants des sites. L'article présente aussi les résultats d’un premier inventaire de la disponibilité et de la composition actuelle des amas naturels de bois flotté dans le détroit de Béring et dans le sud de la péninsule des Tchouktches. Il s’appuie sur l’étude de collections archéologiques de sites alaskiens datés du 6e et du 11e-15e siècles ap. J.-C. pour montrer comment l’établissement de tels référentiels sur les bois flottés devrait à long terme améliorer l’interprétation chronologique, technique, voire sociale, des vestiges en bois des sites de l’Arctique

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Mackenzie River Driftwood: A Dendrochronological Study

Cited by 45 publications

References 9 publications

Driftwood deposition from debris flows at slit-check dams and fans

Driftwood deposition from debris flows at slit-check dams and fans

A contribution to the discussion of biota dispersal with drift ice and driftwood in the North Atlantic

Bois flottés et archéologie de l’Arctique: contribution à la préhistoire récente du détroit de Béring

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