Compressive residual stress state behaviour under fatigue of the welded joints of a pipeline were investigated. The regions on the intersection between the welded joints of the longitudinal pipe manufacturing seam and the circumferential welded joints of the pipeline construction were investigated. Stresscontrolled fatigue loading was carried out at various stress ratios of the yield strength of the base metal. Surface residual stresses were introduced in samples by shot-peening treatment and were measured using X-ray diffraction techniques. The results showed that compressive residual stresses which, unless they are relieved or inverted during the process of fatigue loading, make crack initiation difficult.