Machine Vision Navigation in Spine Surgery

Abstract

The advancements in computing and digital localizer technologies has led to the evolving clinical application of image-guided technology for the surgical management of spinal disorders. Image-guided spinal navigation addresses the limitations of fluoroscopy and improves the accurate placement of fixation screws. Several navigation platforms are currently available, each having its own unique advantages and disadvantages. The most recent spinal navigation system developed utilizes machine vision structured light imaging which creates a precise and detailed three-dimensional image of the exposed surface anatomy and co-registers it to a pre-operatively or intra-operatively acquired image. This system improves upon the intraoperative workflow and efficiency of the navigation process. With the continued advancements in machine vision, there is a potential for clinical applications that extend beyond surgical navigation. These applications include reducing the potential for wrong level spine surgery and providing for real-time tracking of spinal deformity correction. As the adoption and clinical experience with navigation continues to expand and evolve, the technology that enables navigation also continues to evolve.

Does machine‐vision‐assisted dynamic navigation improve the accuracy of digitally planned prosthetically guided immediate implant placement? A randomized controlled trial

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Intraoperative Fluoroscopy Radiation Using OEC 9900 Elite C-arm: Risk and Method for Decreasing Exposure

“…The quantity of radiation exposure may be reduced by adjusting proximity to the emitter, manual settings, collimation, alternate technology, and surgical techniques with less fluoroscopy. Alternate technology includes 2D/3D CT navigation (Dabaghi Richerand et al 2016;Pitteloud et al 2017;Su et al 2017;Prod'homme et al 2018;Reynolds et al 2020), drape shielding (Murphy et al 2011;Jones et al 2014;Shah et al 2018), image enhancement (Wang et al 2017;Nayar et al 2018;Godzik et al 2019Godzik et al , 2021, light imaging (Kalfas 2021), and instrument tracking (Wang et al 2019(Wang et al , 2020. Until an alternate technology becomes universally available, it will be incumbent upon the physician to monitor and adjust image settings to allow for the lowest level of radiation (ALARA) that also allows for adequate image brightness and resolution.…”

Intraoperative tissue classification methods in orthopedic and neurological surgeries: A systematic review

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