Machine learning model for depression based on heavy metals among aging people: A study with National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–2018

Background The aim of this study was to quantitatively measure the morphology of the patellofemoral joint by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in young adults, to investigate the relationship between the morphology of the patellofemoral joint and chondromalacia patellae (CP), and to provide an imaging reference for early clinical diagnosis of CP. Methods A total of 57 cases of CP and 138 cases of normal knees were retrospectively collected and assigned to the CP group and control group, respectively. The morphological parameters of the patellofemoral joint were measured systematically. The statistical software SPSS 22.0 was used in correlation analysis. Logistic regression was used for univariate analysis. A P value <0.05 was defined as statistically significant. Results Wiberg index, patellar depth, and the lateral angle of the patella in the CP group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P=0.043, 0.001, 0.040, respectively). The width of the medial side of the trochlea, the ratio of the internal and external articular surfaces of the trochlea, the depth of the trochlea, and the inclination angle of the lateral trochlea in the CP group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P=0.003, 0.020, 0.000, 0.040, respectively), whereas the angle of the trochlea in the CP group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P=0.010). The lateral patellofemoral angle (LPA) and lateral patellofemoral contact width in the CP group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P=0.010, 0.010, respectively). In the CP group, with gender as a covariate, there were significant statistical differences between male and female in patellar depth, lateral patellar inclination angle, lateral trochlear inclination (LTI) angle, and lateral patellar contact surface width (P<0.05), whereas in the control group, there were significant differences in Wiberg index, patellar depth, medial trochlear width, and lateral patellofemoral contact surface width between male and female gender (P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of CP in women was significantly higher than that in men and the reduction of trochlea width and the patella depth is an important factor for the incidence of female CP. Morphological characteristics of the patellofemoral joint are significantly correlated with the occurrence of CP in young adults.

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

A study on the correlation between patellofemoral joint morphology and early patella malacia in young adults: quantitative analysis based on magnetic resonance

Kong¹,

Yu²

2023

“…The increased activity of the amygdala also activates the HPA axis, stimulates the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone, induces skin inflammation through mast cell degranulation, and enhances vascular permeability. Stress could also activate dendritic cells in the skin, leading to the release of neurotransmitters and catecholamines through nerve endings in the skin, aggravating skin diseases (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between skin disease and anxiety: a logistic analysis and prediction

Sun¹,

Ren²,

Zhang³

2023

Background Dermatosis has symptoms of flushing, itching, pain, and burning, which causes psychological distress in patients. Methods We collected the data of 214 patients from the Wuhan Institute of Dermatology and Venereology from January 2020 to January 2022, including age, gender, diagnosis, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), and anxiety. First, descriptive analysis and difference analysis of the included data were carried out. Second, a correlation matrix was used to exclude the confounding factors with strong collinearity. Finally, logistic regression was used to analyze and predict the risk factors of anxiety. Results In the anxiety group and nonanxiety group, eczema and generalized eczema accounted for the largest proportion, and there was no difference in the composition of the diagnosis between the 2 groups. Several related analyses proved the accuracy of the logistic model. The results showed that age had a protective effect on the anxiety of patients with skin diseases [odds ratio (OR) =0.8606 with 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7812, 0.8987]. Neurodermatitis (OR =1.0853 with 95% CI: 1.0115, 1.2512), eczema (OR =1.1358 with 95% CI: 1.0215, 1.2129), generalized eczema (OR =1.3346 with 95% CI: 1.1212, 1.5521), and psoriasis (OR =1.3685 with 95% CI: 1.1728, 1.6215) were associated with the anxiety of patients. Prediction analysis showed that with increase of patients’ age, the likelihood of anxiety decreased. Conclusions This study demonstrated a strong correlation between skin diseases and anxiety and that the likelihood of anxiety decreases as age increases. Therefore, psychological intervention for patients with skin diseases, especially young patients, is essential.

“…In addition to reducing blood sugar, empagliflozin can also improve islet function and affect blood lipids. Weight loss and blood pressure reduction play a role in multiple organ protection, including in the cardiovascular system (28) and the kidneys (29)(30)(31)(32), which play a role in delaying the occurrence and development of T2DM complications. Some studies (30)(31)(32) have shown that SGLT-2 inhibitors have a lower incidence of major cardiovascular adverse events, heart failure, and mortality in patients with T2DM during clinical use.…”

Section: I a B E T E S I S A C H R O N I C D I S E A S E C H A R A C ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weight loss and blood pressure reduction play a role in multiple organ protection, including in the cardiovascular system (28) and the kidneys (29)(30)(31)(32), which play a role in delaying the occurrence and development of T2DM complications. Some studies (30)(31)(32) have shown that SGLT-2 inhibitors have a lower incidence of major cardiovascular adverse events, heart failure, and mortality in patients with T2DM during clinical use. Due to these significant effects, SGLT-2 inhibitors are also recommended as first-line oral hypoglycemic agents for T2DM complicated with coronary heart disease (30).…”

Section: I a B E T E S I S A C H R O N I C D I S E A S E C H A R A C ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies (30)(31)(32) have shown that SGLT-2 inhibitors have a lower incidence of major cardiovascular adverse events, heart failure, and mortality in patients with T2DM during clinical use. Due to these significant effects, SGLT-2 inhibitors are also recommended as first-line oral hypoglycemic agents for T2DM complicated with coronary heart disease (30). Currently, this kind of drug has also become a particular focus of research; however, its treatment mechanism in T2DM is not clear.…”

Section: I a B E T E S I S A C H R O N I C D I S E A S E C H A R A C ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Identification of key genes, biological functions, and pathways of empagliflozin by network pharmacology and its significance in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Zhong¹,

Duan²,

Du³

et al. 2023

Background To explore the key genes, biological functions, and pathways of empagliflozin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through network pharmacology. Methods The TCMSP (a traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology database and analysis platform) was used to screen empagliflozin’s active components and targets. The target genes of T2DM were screened according to the GeneCards and OMIM databases, and a Venn diagram was constructed to obtain the target for T2DM treatment. Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was adopted to construct the drug-component-target-disease network. Functional annotation of Gene Ontology (GO) and enrichment analysis of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were performed using R software. Results Target genes with a probability >0 were selected, among which Compound 012, Compound 060, Compound 093, Compound 111, and Compound 119 Swiss Target Prediction suggested that no similar active substances or predictable target genes were found. A “compound-target gene-disease” network was constructed, in which SLC5A2 , SLC5A1 , SLC5A4 , SLC5A11 , ADK , and ADORA2A were the core genes of T2DM. The key factors of the GO summary map included chemical reaction, membrane organelle, protein binding, and so on. The KEGG pathway summary map included the AMPK pathway, insulin resistance, the MAPK pathway, longevity-related pathway regulation, and so on. The top 10 pathways were endocrine resistance, the NF-κB signaling pathway, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, apoptosis, cell senescence, the Ras signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, the FoxO signaling pathway, the P13K-Akt signaling pathway, and the p53 signaling pathway. The binding of active compounds to key proteins was verified based on the Swiss Dock database, and the molecular docking of 193 bioactive compounds was finally verified. Among them, SLC5A2 , SLC5A1 , LDHA , KLK1 , KLF5 , and GSTP1 had better binding to the protein molecules. Conclusions Empagliflozin may regulate the targets of SLC5A2 , SLC5A1 , LDHA , KLK1 , KLF5 , and GSTP1 . There are numerous ways of treating T2DM with empagliflozin, including by regulating apoptosis, cell aging, as well as the NF-κB , HIF-1HIF-1 , Ras...