“…Though several studies report ML for phosphate recovery from different wastewater sources, most of the studies lacked experimental validation of the models as there are no general rules framed for the recovery of phosphate. 44 The studies that reported experimental validation proved that the trained model's effectiveness lacked generalization. 42 Thus, this rulebased model was better explainable than the existing ML models, as they provide generalized IF−THEN rules, making the model more appropriate for inexperienced users and realtime practitioners.…”