Machine Learning-Based Approach for bandwidth and frequency Prediction for N77 band 5G Antenna

Abstract

Yagi antennas are useful for wireless communications because of the
directional gain they provide, allowing the antenna to concentrate the signal in either
the transmission or reception direction. It is built on a substrate made of FR-4,
this antenna has a return loss of -46.85 dB at 3.6 GHz and a bandwidth of 3.3-
4.2 GHz within a -10 dB range, making it ideal for use in the n77 bands. Not
only is it small, with a size of 0.642λ0×0.583λ0, but it also has a maximum gain
of 7.95 dB and a maximum directivity of 8.58 dB. This study investigates several
approaches to estimating the performance of an antenna. These approaches include
simulation with a variety of software tools, including as CST, HFSS, and Altair
Feko; curve fitting technology; and the RLC equivalent circuit model. After that,
simulation with CST MWS is used to collect a large amount of data samples, and
then supervised regression machine learning (ML) methods are used to determine the
resonance frequency and bandwidth of the antenna. When it comes to predicting
bandwidth and frequency, Random Forest Regression demonstrates an exceptional level
of performance, particularly when comparing with the results produced by curve-fitting
tools, neural networks, and regression machine learning models. When all of these
considerations are taken into account, it is clear that the antenna is an outstanding
option for the n77 band of a 5G communication system.