“…Shao-Chen Sun, Nanjing Agricultural University, China Some efforts have focused on using molecular markers from spent media and blastocoel fluid to assess the viability of the preimplantation embryo. Cell-free DNA and the contents of exosomes found in spent embryo culture media have all been studied to try and understand their specific origin from within the preimplantation embryo, and then attempting to clarify what these molecules tell us about the developing embryo (reviewed by Handayani et al, 2023;Saadeldin et al, 2023). The origin of cell-free DNA in the spent media and blastocoel fluid is thought to be from aneuploid cells that underwent apoptosis, yet there has been extensive research to use this cell-free DNA (non-invasive PGT-A) to assess embryo ploidy status that has yielded mixed results (reviewed by García-Pascual et al, 2023;Cinnioglu et al, 2023).…”