Machinability of 3D printed metallic materials fabricated by selective laser melting and electron beam melting: A review

Uçak, Necati; Çıçek, Adem; Aslantaş, Kubilay

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.06.023

Cited by 59 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 220 publications

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“…Numerous 3D printing techniques exist, such as Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Electron Beam Melting (EBM), stereolithography (SLA), and Multi Jet Fusion (MJF) ( Roy et al, 2019 ; Berger et al, 2021 ; Hwang et al, 2022 ; Uçak et al, 2022 ). However, due to the high equipment and material costs, these methods may not be suitable for smaller-scale production and research facilities with limited resources ( Mehta & Rath, 2021 ; Griffin & Pappas, 2023 ).…”

Section: Manufacturing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the clean room barrier: exploring low-cost alternatives for microfluidic devices

Rodríguez

Andrade-Pérez

Vargas

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Microfluidics is an interdisciplinary field that encompasses both science and engineering, which aims to design and fabricate devices capable of manipulating extremely low volumes of fluids on a microscale level. The central objective of microfluidics is to provide high precision and accuracy while using minimal reagents and equipment. The benefits of this approach include greater control over experimental conditions, faster analysis, and improved experimental reproducibility. Microfluidic devices, also known as labs-on-a-chip (LOCs), have emerged as potential instruments for optimizing operations and decreasing costs in various of industries, including pharmaceutical, medical, food, and cosmetics. However, the high price of conventional prototypes for LOCs devices, generated in clean room facilities, has increased the demand for inexpensive alternatives. Polymers, paper, and hydrogels are some of the materials that can be utilized to create the inexpensive microfluidic devices covered in this article. In addition, we highlighted different manufacturing techniques, such as soft lithography, laser plotting, and 3D printing, that are suitable for creating LOCs. The selection of materials and fabrication techniques will depend on the specific requirements and applications of each individual LOC. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the numerous alternatives for the development of low-cost LOCs to service industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, food, and biomedicine.

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Section: Manufacturing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaking the clean room barrier: exploring low-cost alternatives for microfluidic devices

Rodríguez

Andrade-Pérez

Vargas

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…However, the thermal gradients remain high and PBF-LB parts are prone to high levels of residual stress which, in extreme cases, can cause severe part distortion or fracture. Post-build heat treatments are often applied to relieve stresses [ 65 ]. The PBF-LB process is also commonly referred to by synonymous trademark terms, such as Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS), that have been popularised by machine manufacturers.…”

Section: Additive Manufacturing Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The State of the Art in Machining Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V

et al. 2023

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Titanium alloys are extensively used in various industries due to their excellent corrosion resistance and outstanding mechanical properties. However, titanium alloys are difficult to machine due to their low thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity with tool materials. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the use of titanium components produced by additive manufacturing (AM) for a range of high-value applications in aerospace, biomedical, and automotive industries. The machining of additively manufactured titanium alloys presents additional machining challenges as the alloys exhibit unique properties compared to their wrought counterparts, including increased anisotropy, strength, and hardness. The associated higher cutting forces, higher temperatures, accelerated tool wear, and decreased machinability lead to an expensive and unsustainable machining process. The challenges in machining additively manufactured titanium alloys are not comprehensively documented in the literature, and this paper aims to address this limitation. A review is presented on the machining characteristics of titanium alloys produced by different AM techniques, focusing on the effects of anisotropy, porosity, and post-processing treatment of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V, the most commonly used AM titanium alloy. The mechanisms resulting in different machining performance and quality are analysed, including the influence of a hybrid manufacturing approach combining AM with conventional methods. Based on the review of the latest developments, a future outlook for machining additively manufactured titanium alloys is presented.

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“…A new metal 3D printing technique called nanoparticle jetting (NPJ) was released in 2016. It differs from traditional metal 3D printing in that it uses liquid ink to enclose metal powder particles instead of using metal powder particles [ 72 ]. Large metal pieces are broken down into nanoparticles as well as embedded in a binder to make the ink, which results in consistent ink [ 72 ].…”

Section: Applications Of Metal 3d Printing In Biomedicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in 3D printing of biodegradable metals for orthopaedic applications

Liang,

Zhou,

Zhang

et al. 2023

J Biol Eng

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The use of biodegradable polymers for treating bone-related diseases has become a focal point in the field of biomedicine. Recent advancements in material technology have expanded the range of materials suitable for orthopaedic implants. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has become prevalent in healthcare, and while organ printing is still in its early stages and faces ethical and technical hurdles, 3D printing is capable of creating 3D structures that are supportive and controllable. The technique has shown promise in fields such as tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, and new innovations in cell and bio-printing and printing materials have expanded its possibilities. In clinical settings, 3D printing of biodegradable metals is mainly used in orthopedics and stomatology. 3D-printed patient-specific osteotomy instruments, orthopedic implants, and dental implants have been approved by the US FDA for clinical use. Metals are often used to provide support for hard tissue and prevent complications. Currently, 70–80% of clinically used implants are made from niobium, tantalum, nitinol, titanium alloys, cobalt-chromium alloys, and stainless steels. However, there has been increasing interest in biodegradable metals such as magnesium, calcium, zinc, and iron, with numerous recent findings. The advantages of 3D printing, such as low manufacturing costs, complex geometry capabilities, and short fabrication periods, have led to widespread adoption in academia and industry. 3D printing of metals with controllable structures represents a cutting-edge technology for developing metallic implants for biomedical applications. This review explores existing biomaterials used in 3D printing-based orthopedics as well as biodegradable metals and their applications in developing metallic medical implants and devices. The challenges and future directions of this technology are also discussed.

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Machinability of 3D printed metallic materials fabricated by selective laser melting and electron beam melting: A review

Cited by 59 publications

References 220 publications

Breaking the clean room barrier: exploring low-cost alternatives for microfluidic devices

Breaking the clean room barrier: exploring low-cost alternatives for microfluidic devices

The State of the Art in Machining Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V

Recent advances in 3D printing of biodegradable metals for orthopaedic applications

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