Machinability and Optimization of Shrouded Centrifugal Impellers for Implantable Blood Pumps

Paul, Gordon; Rezaienia, Amin; Avital, Eldad; Korakianitis, Theodosios

doi:10.1115/1.4036287

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The following discussion will describe in more detail the effect of number of blades, outlet angle and rotational speed. The authors acknowledge the existence of other important factors that affect the performance of a blood pump such as blade-tip to housing clearance23, radial24 and axial25 clearances in flow paths, manufacturability26, inlet and outlet shapes27 and, particularly for axial pumps, flow straighteners to improve efficiency28. These parameters would be optimized after the initial sizing using the Cordier diagram created in this work and consequently are not examined in this more fundamental investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Axial Pump Characteristic Dimensions and Induced Hemolysis for Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices

et al. 2018

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The application of axial pumps as ventricular assist devices (VADs) requires significant modifications to the size and characteristics of industrial pumps due to the difference in flow fields of industrial and medical pumps. Industrial pumps operate in the region of Reynolds number Re = 10, whereas axial blood pumps operate in Re < 10. The common pump design technique is to rely on the performance of previously designed pumps using the concept of fluid dynamic similarity. Such data are available for industrial pumps as specific speed-specific diameter (ns-ds) graphs. The difference between the flow fields of industrial and medical pumps makes the industrial ns-ds graphs unsuitable for medical pumps and consequently several clinically available axial blood pumps operate with low efficiencies. In this article, numerical and experimental techniques were used to design 62 axial pump impellers with different design characteristics suitable for VADs and mechanical circulatory support devices (MCSDs). The impellers were manufactured and experimentally tested in various operating conditions of flow, pressure, and rotational speed. The hemocompatibility of the impellers was numerically investigated by modeling shear stress and hemolysis. The highest efficiency of each pump impeller was plotted on an ns-ds diagram. The nondimensional results presented in this article enable preliminary design of efficient and hemocompatible axial flow pumps for VADs and MCSDs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Axial Pump Characteristic Dimensions and Induced Hemolysis for Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices

et al. 2018

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“…In order to show the comprehensiveness of the design variables, it is worthwhile to note that Paul et al (37) used only 4 design variables in their work without considering hemolysis model, while in the current work 11 design variables are considered. In order to show the comprehensiveness of the design variables, it is worthwhile to note that Paul et al (37) used only 4 design variables in their work without considering hemolysis model, while in the current work 11 design variables are considered.…”

Section: E87mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5, 2019 E87 sensitivity of the pump characteristics with respect to those variables. In order to show the comprehensiveness of the design variables, it is worthwhile to note that Paul et al (37) used only 4 design variables in their work without considering hemolysis model, while in the current work 11 design variables are considered.…”

Section: Multi-objective Genetic Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi‐Objective Genetic Algorithm Assisted by an Artificial Neural Network Metamodel for Shape Optimization of a Centrifugal Blood Pump

et al. 2018

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A centrifugal blood pump is a common type of the pump used as a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in the medical industries. The reduction of the LVADs hemolysis level to reduce the blood damage is one of the major concerns in designing of such devices. Also, the enhancement of the LVADs efficiency to decrease the battery size is another design requirement. The blood damage critically depends on the state of the blood being pumped. Besides the blood state, the blood damage also depends on the pump impeller and volute geometries. In this research, a multi-objective optimization of a centrifugal blood pump is performed. A complete 3D-optimization platform is established for both impeller and volute of a centrifugal blood pump consisting of parametric modeling, automatic mesh generation, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, and optimization strategy. A

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“…Miorini et al [15] and Zhou et al[16] adopted a vorticity study to investigate tip leakage flow and rotating stall, respectively, to describe the development of these unsteady flow phenomena and to prove their effects on pump performance. These methods are able to make apparent specific flow structures inside the centrifugal pump, and could assist the design and optimization of centrifugal pumps [17][18][19].The quantity of energy loss related to these particular flow structures, needs to be investigated in details, at different operating conditions. Zheng et al [20] applied an energy gradient function to describe the energy change rate, along streamlines, and argued that this function represented the turbulence intensity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16] adopted a vorticity study to investigate tip leakage flow and rotating stall, respectively, to describe the development of these unsteady flow phenomena and to prove their effects on pump performance. These methods are able to make apparent specific flow structures inside the centrifugal pump, and could assist the design and optimization of centrifugal pumps [17][18][19].…”

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confidence: 99%

Unsteady Flow Numerical Simulations on Internal Energy Dissipation for a Low-Head Centrifugal Pump at Part-Load Operating Conditions

et al. 2019

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Dredge pumps are usually operated at part-load conditions, in which the low-solidity centrifugal impeller could experience large internal energy dissipation, related to flow separation and vortices. In this study, SST k-ω and SAS-SST turbulence models were used, in steady and unsteady simulations, for a low-head centrifugal pump with a three-bladed impeller. The main focus of the present work was to investigate the internal energy dissipation in rotating an impeller at part-load operating conditions, related to flow separation and stall. The unsteady nature of these operating conditions was investigated. Performance experiments and transient wall pressure measurements were conducted for validation. A methodology for internal energy dissipation analysis has been proposed; and the unsteady pressure fluctuations were analyzed in the rotating impeller. The internal power losses in the volute and the impeller were mostly found in the centrifugal pump. The rotating stall phenomenon occurred with flow separation and detachment at the part-load operating condition, leading to a dissipation of the internal energy in the impeller. The rotating impeller experienced pressure fluctuations with low frequencies, at part-load operating conditions, while in the design operating condition only experienced rotating frequency.The energy loss in the centrifugal pump could be divided into flow dissipation, disk friction, and discharge leakage loss. Kara Omar et al. [7] calculated the losses through empirical and semi-empirical models, and verified them with experimental results. El-Naggar [8] conducted an experimental one-dimensional flow analysis and predicted the pump performance in a dimensionless form. Klas et al. [9] performed simulations on a centrifugal pump and investigated the energy loss in different flow components, to detect the influence of the component geometry. These studies focused on the whole energy transformation in flow components, without a detailed loss analysis.The inner flow characteristic was investigated as the energy loss reasons for centrifugal pumps. Posa et al. [10] investigated the streamline distribution on the impeller blade surface and found that a stall phenomenon developed near the impeller shroud. Zhang et al. [11] applied velocity vector distribution to detect the flow pattern near the volute tongue, and to discuss its effects on the efficiency fluctuation of a centrifugal pump. Barrio et al. [12] detected a counter-rotating vortex near the interface between the impeller and the volute, through velocity distribution. Pacot et al. [13] used the pressure distribution to explore the stall propagation mechanism. Asim et al. [14] applied the Q-criterion to illustrate that a secondary flow generated near the volute tongue, with an impact on the pump head. Miorini et al. [15] and Zhou et al.[16] adopted a vorticity study to investigate tip leakage flow and rotating stall, respectively, to describe the development of these unsteady flow phenomena and to prove their effects on pump performance. These m...

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Machinability and Optimization of Shrouded Centrifugal Impellers for Implantable Blood Pumps

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Optimization of Axial Pump Characteristic Dimensions and Induced Hemolysis for Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices

Optimization of Axial Pump Characteristic Dimensions and Induced Hemolysis for Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices

Multi‐Objective Genetic Algorithm Assisted by an Artificial Neural Network Metamodel for Shape Optimization of a Centrifugal Blood Pump

Unsteady Flow Numerical Simulations on Internal Energy Dissipation for a Low-Head Centrifugal Pump at Part-Load Operating Conditions

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